2002, Número 3
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Rev Inst Nal Enf Resp Mex 2002; 15 (3)
Alteración en la diferenciación de células dendríticas inmaduras humanas por adenocarcinomas pulmonares
Ávila MF, Sánchez TC, Rivas CA, Prado GH, López GJS
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 41
Paginas: 135-142
Archivo PDF: 94.91 Kb.
RESUMEN
Introducción: La diferenciación y maduración de las células dendríticas son eventos cruciales que definen su capacidad para inducir una respuesta inmune en contra de tumores. Se ha reportado que los tumores pulmonares evaden la respuesta inmune por distintas estrategias. Sin embargo, se desconoce si los adenocarcinomas pulmonares afectan la diferenciación de las células dendríticas.
Objetivo: Estudiar las alteraciones que factores solubles liberados por adenocarcinomas pulmonares inducen en la diferenciación de monocitos a células dendríticas inmaduras.
Material y métodos: Monocitos CD14+ purificados de donadores sanos se diferenciaron a células dendríticas inmaduras con factor estimulador de colonias de granulocitos y macrófagos e interleucina-4. Empleando este mismo procedimiento, se cultivaron monocitos en presencia de factores solubles provenientes de líneas tumorales o células mononucleares como control. Se determinó por citometría de flujo: i) el porcentaje de células y ii) la expresión de las moléculas CD14, HLA-DR, CD1a, CD32, CD40, CD11b, CD80, CD86 y CD83. Asimismo, se estudió la capacidad de las células dendríticas inmaduras para activar la proliferación de linfocitos T alogénicos.
Resultados: Factores solubles liberados por tres líneas de adenocarcinoma pulmonar, tendieron en las células dendríticas inmaduras a reducir la expresión de CD1a, así como a incrementar el porcentaje de células y la expresión del receptor Fc [FcgRII (CD32)]. Sólo una línea celular tendió a incrementar la expresión de HLA-DR. Además, las células dendríticas inmaduras que previamente interaccionaron con sobrenadantes de las células tumorales, inhibieron la proliferación de linfocitos T alogénicos comparados con el control.
Conclusiones: Células de adenocarcinoma pulmonar afectan el proceso de diferenciación de monocitos a células dendríticas inmaduras, generando células dendríticas con un mayor carácter macrofágico. La pobre activación de linfocitos T inducida por células dendríticas inmaduras sugiere alteración en la funcionalidad de estas últimas. Es probable que las alteraciones demostradas en las células dendríticas inmaduras induzcan en el huésped, tolerancia a antígenos tumorales e inhibición de la respuesta inmune antitumoral, como mecanismo de evasión causado por los carcinomas pulmonares.
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