medigraphic.com
Federación Mexicana de Ginecología y Obstetricia, A.C.

2015, Número 12

<< Anterior Siguiente >>

Ginecol Obstet Mex 2015; 83 (12)


Síndrome de ovario poliquístico: ¿Ha aumentado su prevalencia?

Carmona-Ruiz IO, Saucedo-de la Llata E, Moraga-Sánchez MR, Romeu-Sarrió A

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 34
Paginas: 750-759
Archivo PDF: 387.36 Kb.


RESUMEN

Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia del síndrome de ovario poliquístico de acuerdo con los criterios diagnósticos del National Institute of Health (NIH), Rotterdam y AE-PCOS Society, en un grupo no seleccionado de mujeres españolas e identificar los fenotipos más comunes de la enfermedad.
Material y método: estudio observacional, transversal, de prevalencia, efectuado entre julio y octubre de 2014. Todas las participantes respondieron un cuestionario y se les realizó un examen físico y ecográfico transvaginal. Se obtuvieron muestras de sangre para analizar marcadores metabólicos y hormonas. El síndrome de ovario poliquístico se diagnosticó mediante los criterios de NIH, Rotterdam y AE-PCOS Society. Después de establecer el diagnóstico se clasificó a las pacientes en 1 de 4 fenotipos.
Resultados: se registraron 242 mujeres, con prevalencia para cada criterio diagnóstico de: NIH 14.8%, Rotterdam de 29.3% y AE-PCOS Society 17.3%. La prevalencia de cada fenotipo fue de A: 40.8%; B: 25.3%; C: 8.4%; y D: 25.3%. Las mujeres con síndrome de ovario poliquístico tuvieron mayor prevalencia de hirsutismo (36.6%), infertilidad (25.3%), obesidad (21.1%) y síndrome metabólico (11.2%) que las del grupo control (7.0, 6.4, 5.8 y 2.3%, respectivamente).
Conclusión: existe aumento en la prevalencia de síndrome de ovario poliquístico en la población caucásica con el fenotipo clásico (oligoanovulación, hiperandrogenismo y ovarios poliquísticos), como la forma más frecuente de manifestación.


REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)

  1. Azziz R, Marin C, Hoq L, Badamgarav E, Song P. Health carerelated economic burden of the polycystic ovary syndrome during the reproductive life span. J Clinl Endocrinol Metab 2005;90:4650-8.

  2. Carmina E, Lobo RA. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): arguably the most common endocrinopathy is associated with significant morbidity in women. J Clinl Endocrinol Metab 1999;84:1897-9.

  3. Carmina E, Rosato F, Janni A, Rizzo M, Longo RA. Extensive clinical experience: relative prevalence of different androgen excess disorders in 950 women referred because of clinical hyperandrogenism. J Clinl Endocrinol Metab 2006;91:2-6.

  4. Essah PA, Nestler JE. The metabolic syndrome in polycystic ovary syndrome. J Endocrinol Invest 2006;29:270-80.

  5. Amsterdam EA-SrPCWG. Consensus on women’s health aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Hum Reprod 2012;27:14-24.

  6. Knochenhauer ES, Key TJ, Kahsar-Miller M, Waggoner W, Boots LR, Azziz R. Prevalence of the polycystic ovary syndrome in unselected black and white women of the southeastern United States: a prospective study. J Clinl Endocrinol Metab 1998;83:3078-82.

  7. Asuncion M, Calvo RM, San Millan JL, Sancho J, Avila S, Escobar-Morreale HF. A prospective study of the prevalence of the polycystic ovary syndrome in unselected Caucasian women from Spain. J Clinl Endocrinol Metab 2000;85:2434-8.

  8. Azziz R, Woods KS, Reyna R, Key TJ, Knochenhauer ES, Yildiz BO. The prevalence and features of the polycystic ovary syndrome in an unselected population. J Clinl Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:2745-9.

  9. Lauritsen MP, Bentzen JG, Pinborg A, Loft A, Forman JL, Thuesen LL, et al. The prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in a normal population according to the Rotterdam criteria versus revised criteria including anti-Mullerian hormone. Hum Reprod 2014.

  10. Michelmore KF, Balen AH, Dunger DB, Vessey MP. Polycystic ovaries and associated clinical and biochemical features in young women. Clin Endocrinol 1999;51:779-86.

  11. Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K, Redon J, Zanchetti A, Bohm M, et al. 2013 ESH/ESC guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J 2013;34:2159-219.

  12. Zawadski JK DA. Diagnostic criteria for polycystic ovary syndrome: towards a rational approach. In: Merriam GR, editor. Polycystic ovary síndrome. 1st ed. Boston: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1992;377-84.

  13. Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and longterm health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Hum Reprod 2004;19:41-7.

  14. Azziz R, Carmina E, Dewailly D, Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Escobar- Morreale HF, Futterweit W, et al. Positions statement: criteria for defining polycystic ovary syndrome as a predominantly hyperandrogenic syndrome: an Androgen Excess Society Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006;91:4237-45.

  15. Broekmans FJ, Knauff EA, Valkenburg O, Laven JS, Eijkemans MJ, Fauser BC. PCOS according to the Rotterdam consensus criteria: Change in prevalence among WHO-II anovulation and association with metabolic factors. BJOG 2006;113:1210-7.

  16. Yildiz BO, Bozdag G, Yapici Z, Esinler I, Yarali H. Prevalence, phenotype and cardiometabolic risk of polycystic ovary syndrome under different diagnostic criteria. Hum Reprod 2012;27:3067-73.

  17. Dewailly D, Pigny P, Soudan B, Catteau-Jonard S, Decanter C, Poncelet E, et al. Reconciling the definitions of polycystic ovary syndrome: the ovarian follicle number and serum anti-Mullerian hormone concentrations aggregate with the markers of hyperandrogenism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010;95:4399-405.

  18. Dewailly D, Gronier H, Poncelet E, Robin G, Leroy M, Pigny P, et al. Diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): revisiting the threshold values of follicle count on ultrasound and of the serum AMH level for the definition of polycystic ovaries. Hum Reprod 2011;26:3123-9.

  19. Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Kouli CR, Bergiele AT, Filandra FA, Tsianateli TC, Spina GG, et al. A survey of the polycystic ovary syndrome in the Greek island of Lesbos: hormonal and metabolic profile. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999;84:4006-11.

  20. Arya R, Antonisamy B, Kumar S. Sample size estimation in prevalence studies. Indian J Pediatr 2012;79:1482-8.

  21. Salud M. Gerencias de Áreas de Salud 2014. Gerencias de Áreas de Salud. [en línea]. Dirección URL: .

  22. Murcia CRdEd. Población y densidad de población 2013, Murcia 2014. [en línea]. Dirección URL: .

  23. Ferriman D, Gallwey JD. Clinical assessment of body hair growth in women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1961;21:1440-7.

  24. Hatch R, Rosenfield RL, Kim MH, Tredway D. Hirsutism: implications, etiology, and management. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1981;140:815-30.

  25. Reingold SB, Rosenfield RL. The relationship of mild hirsutism or acne in women to androgens. Arch Dermatol 1987;123:209-12.

  26. Alberti KG, Zimmet P, Shaw J. Metabolic syndrome--a new world-wide definition. A Consensus Statement from the International Diabetes Federation. Diabet Med 2006;23:469-80.

  27. Norman RJ, Dewailly D, Legro RS, Hickey TE. Polycystic ovary syndrome. Lancet 2007;370:685-97.

  28. Hudecova M, Holte J, Olovsson M, Larsson A, Berne C, Sundstrom-Poromaa I. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in women with a previous diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome: long-term follow-up. Fertil Steril 2011;96:1271-4.

  29. Panidis D, Macut D, Tziomalos K, Papadakis E, Mikhailidis K, Kandaraki EA, et al. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Clin Endocrinol 2013;78:586-92.

  30. March WA, Moore VM, Willson KJ, Phillips DI, Norman RJ, Davies MJ. The prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in a community sample assessed under contrasting diagnostic criteria. Hum Reprod 2010;25:544-51.

  31. Li R, Zhang Q, Yang D, Li S, Lu S, Wu X, et al. Prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in women in China: a large community-based study. Hum Reprod 2013;28:2562-9.

  32. Lauritsen MP, Bentzen JG, Pinborg A, Loft A, Forman JL, Thuesen LL, et al. The prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in a normal population according to the Rotterdam criteria versus revised criteria including anti-Mullerian hormone. Hum Reprod 2014;29:791-801.

  33. National Institute of Health. Evidence-based Methodology Workshop on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome December 3–5, 2012. [en línea]. Dirección URL: .

  34. Azziz R, Carmina E, Dewailly D, Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Escobar-Morreale HF, Futterweit W, et al. The Androgen Excess and PCOS Society criteria for the polycystic ovary syndrome: the complete task force report. Fertil Steril 2009;91:456-88.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com