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2015, Número 5

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Salud Mental 2015; 38 (5)


Salud mental en menores españoles. Variables socioeducativas

Fajardo BF, León BB, Felipe CE, Polo RMI, Ribeiro SEJ

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 55
Paginas: 329-335
Archivo PDF: 160.00 Kb.


RESUMEN

Antecedentes La investigación de la salud mental en los menores de edad supone una necesidad actual como medida de detección, análisis y prevención de posibles trastornos mentales.
Objetivo Analizar la influencia de la clase social ocupacional de los padres y de la etapa educativa en la que se encuentran los menores, como factores de riesgo en la salud mental de los menores españoles.
Método Se utilizaron los resultados obtenidos en la Encuesta Nacional de Salud Española 2006, con una muestra de 5812 menores de cuatro a 15 años. Se estimaron las medidas de asociación con respecto a las variables independientes midiendo la salud mental mediante el Cuestionario de Capacidades y Dificultades (SDQ-versión padres).
Resultados La relación entre la salud mental y la variable clase social ocupacional 1 (más privilegiadas) (OR 0.256) y la clase social 2 (clase media) (OR 0.523) aportaron valores significativos (p ‹0.05) con respecto a la clase social 3, más desfavorecida. Sin embargo, la pertenencia de los menores a la E. Infantil (OR 1.138) o a la E. Primaria (OR 1.162) no aportó valores significativos (p›0.05) con respecto a la E. Secundaria.
Discusión y conclusión Se puede concluir que las clases sociales ocupacionales elevadas y medias son factores protectores con respecto a la salud mental de los menores en comparación con la pertenencia a una clase social ocupacional baja. Sin embargo, la pertenencia a la E. Infantil o a la E. Primaria no supone un factor de riesgo de salud mental en comparación con la pertenencia a la E. Secundaria.


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