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2015, Número 1

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Rev Med UV 2015; 15 (1)


Células troncales provenientes de sangre de cordón umbilical: de la investigación a la aplicación clínica

Fernández SV, Ibañez CG, Bello LJM

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 51
Paginas: 45-52
Archivo PDF: 346.88 Kb.


RESUMEN

En 1986, Broxmeyer demostró que la Sangre de Cordón Umbilical (SCU) era una fuente rica en Células Troncales Hematopoyéticas (CTH) y en Células Progenitores Hematopoyéticos (CPH), lo cual permitió su uso en el trasplante de CTH/CPH . El primer trasplante alogénico exitoso empleando CTH/CPH de SCU fue realizado hace 25 años lo cual ha permitido, junto con el establecimiento de bancos altruistas no relacionados, incrementar el número de pacientes que se benefician con un trasplante de CTH/CPH . Sin embargo, su uso se ha visto limitado, sobre todo en adultos debido al bajo número de CTH/CPH contenidas en una unidad de SCU. Varios grupos de investigación se han dado a la tarea de estudiar a fondo las condiciones idóneas de cultivo celular para mantener y expandir a las CTH/CPH sin perder sus características biológicas originales. El conocimiento adquirido durante estos años ha permitido ampliar el uso de la CTH/CPH provenientes de SCU en diferentes patologías. Las nuevas investigaciones que actualmente se están llevando a cabo, tanto in vitro como in vivo son necesarias para su aplicación clínica. En este trabajo se hace un abordaje sobre los avances en el conocimiento y aplicación de las CTH/CPH provenientes de SCU, así como al estado que guarda este tema en nuestro país.


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