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2015, Número 3

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Acta Med 2015; 13 (3)


Frecuencia de tratamientos percibidos como fútiles en medicina crítica y la prevalencia de la limitación del esfuerzo terapéutico. Estudio observacional

López RT, Morales CI

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 37
Paginas: 154-162
Archivo PDF: 156.13 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción: Los avances tecnológicos permiten la atención de pacientes complejos en medicina crítica. Muchos no se beneficiarán del tratamiento, generando alta demanda asistencial y gastos en su atención que pueden no ser justificables, por lo que surgen controversias éticas. La limitación del esfuerzo terapéutico (LET) evita la administración de tratamientos fútiles en individuos con mal pronóstico y/o en la etapa final de su vida. Objetivo: Cuantificar la frecuencia de tratamientos percibidos como fútiles en sujetos adultos críticamente enfermos y la prevalencia de candidatos a LET. Diseño del estudio: Observacional, descriptivo y transversal. Metodología: Se encuestó diariamente al personal de salud de medicina crítica (PSAMEC) sobre su percepción de los tratamientos en pacientes candidatos a LET durante su hospitalización en Medicina Crítica. Resultados: La prevalencia de candidatos a LET fue del 8% (23 pacientes); de ellos, sólo 14 (60.8%) aceptaron LET. Los tratamientos referidos como fútiles fueron la colocación de sondas, drenajes y/o catéter venoso central para el grupo que “aceptó LET”, y la hemodiálisis para el grupo que “no aceptó LET”, ambas con significancia estadística. Conclusión: Se requiere continuar difundiendo el concepto de LET dentro y fuera de los servicios de Medicina Crítica.


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