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2002, Número 4

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Rev Mex Patol Clin Med Lab 2002; 49 (4)


Actualidades sobre la fiebre del Nilo Occidental

Barriga AG, Arumir EC, Mercado GF

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 49
Paginas: 203-211
Archivo PDF: 241.09 Kb.


RESUMEN

La fiebre del Nilo Occidental, desconocida en el Hemisferio Occidental hasta 1999, está alcanzando proporciones epidémicas en Estados Unidos de América y podría extenderse a todo el Continente Americano. Es causada por un virus ARN de la familia Flaviviridae. Primariamente es una infección de aves, pero mosquitos ornitofílicos infectados pueden transmitirla a humanos y animales. Su diseminación está siguiendo la de los patrones migratorios de aves y, hasta el momento (16 de septiembre de 2002), ha causado más de 1460 casos comprobados en humanos en la Unión Americana, afectando a más de 44 estados. Clínicamente es una infeción severa con participación significativa del sistema nervioso central y elevada mortalidad y no se cuenta con un tratamiento específico adecuado. Su diagnóstico se logra a través del aislamiento y detección del virus o en la detección de la respuesta inmune que origina. Su prevención radica en medidas de protección personal, control de mosquitos, vigilancia y detección temprana de la infección en humanos, animales, aves y mosquitos.


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