Guirola PJ, Iglesias ANR, Rivero HY

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 26
Paginas: 76-87
Archivo PDF: 139.33 Kb.

RESUMEN

Introducción: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura, consultando las distintas bases de datos tanto en inglés como en español sobre el tema, maniobras de reclutamiento alveolar (MRA).
Objetivo: Analizar aspectos no bien establecidos en la práctica médica sobre el empleo de esta técnica en los pacientes ventilados.
Método: Para la búsqueda en las bases de datos se consultó DeCS para definir el término o descriptor a emplear. En la ventana Consulta por Palabra se introdujeron las palabras: maniobras, reclutamiento, alveolar, pulmonar, respiratorio, ventilación en español e inglés.
Resultados: Se recopilaron 51 artículos pertinentes para esta investigación y se pudo identificar que las variantes de maniobras más usadas eran las que empleaban Presión Positiva Continúa en la Vía Aérea (CPAP) y Presión Positiva al Final de la Espiración (PEEP), con la técnica de insuflación sostenida y con una duración de menos de un minuto. La mayoría de los trabajos publicados sobre MRA han demostrado efectos beneficiosos sobre los índices de oxigenación y parámetros de mecánica ventilatoria, con pocos efectos adversos.
Conclusiones: son escasos los estudios que evalúan los días de ventilación, la estadía en Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) y la mortalidad y no existen suficientes evidencias científicas para validar su uso rutinario en la práctica médica, por lo que se requieren de nuevas investigaciones.

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