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Federación Mexicana de Ginecología y Obstetricia, A.C.

2015, Número 01

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Ginecol Obstet Mex 2015; 83 (01)


Síndrome HELLP

Vigil-De Gracia P

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 45
Paginas: 48-57
Archivo PDF: 360.87 Kb.


RESUMEN

El trastorno hipertensivo del embarazo es una de las complicaciones más frecuentes de éste y una de las expresiones más serias de esta enfermedad es el síndrome HELLP. Éste se distingue por el trastorno hipertensivo más las triada: hemólisis microangiopática, elevación de enzimas hepáticas y disminución del conteo de plaquetas. Las pacientes con síndrome HELLP tienen mayor riesgo de complicaciones maternas, como: hemorragia cerebral, desprendimiento de retina, hematomarotura hepática, insuficiencia renal aguda, coagulación intravascular diseminada, desprendimiento de placenta y, en algunas ocasiones, muerte materna. Se recomienda la identificación de hallazgos de síndrome HELLP en pacientes con trastorno hipertensivo del embarazo. La principal confusión clínica del síndrome HELLP es el hígado graso agudo del embarazo; sin embargo, existen parámetros que ayudan a su correcta identificación. El síndrome HELLP implica la interrupción del embarazo a corto plazo; la administración de corticoides no produce efectos favorables en la morbilidad y mortalidad materna, pero puede elevar la concentración de plaquetas, disminuir la necesidad de transfusión y acortar la estancia hospitalaria. Gran parte de la disminución de la morbilidad y mortalidad materna asociada con los trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo consiste en establecer el diagnóstico adecuado y el correcto tratamiento del síndrome HELLP.


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