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2014, Número 4

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Anales de Radiología México 2014; 13 (4)


El ultrasonido y su papel preponderante en situaciones de urgencia

Motta-Ramírez GA, Bastida-Alquicira J, Béjar-Cornejo JR, Craviotto AB, Salgado-Camarillo J

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 100
Paginas: 404-427
Archivo PDF: 1215.29 Kb.


RESUMEN

El ultrasonido es útil para la identificación y el diagnóstico de entidades que ponen en peligro la vida del paciente en el servicio de urgencias o en la unidad de cuidados intensivos. Por ello se define al ultrasonido de urgencias como un procedimiento de diagnóstico o como guía durante un procedimiento invasivo que se requiere de inmediato para la resolución de condiciones graves que amenazan la vida.
Objetivo: dar a conocer el uso del ultrasonido y sus diferentes protocolos dentro de la práctica médica actual, así como convertir la técnica ultrasonográfica en una herramienta de uso habitual en el servicio de urgencias y en la unidad de cuidados intensivos para su total integración.
Justificación: es indispensable establecer guías hacia conceptos, protocolos específicos y secuencias con el fin de evitar errores, reflejando así lo útil y factible de llevar a cabo el ultrasonido a la cabecera del paciente en las unidades de atención crítica para pacientes cuya condición clínica atenta contra la vida, pudiendo dar curso o modificación expedita al manejo clínico. La incorporación del ultrasonido dirigido a situaciones y áreas específicas en el programa educativo en las escuelas de Medicina acercará este método a los estudiantes de medicina y permitirá acrecentar su reconocimiento y uso para mejorar la precisión diagnóstica.
Conclusiones: el ultrasonido de urgencia ya no es realizado exclusivamente por el médico radiólogo; en la actualidad cualquier médico con un entrenamiento calificado y certificado puede realizar protocolos de ultrasonido, en especial el médico de urgencia y el especialista en medicina crítica que requieren de una rápida evaluación del paciente en un estado crítico. El abordaje mediante ultrasonido deberá hacerse de forma organizada, sistematizada, con protocolos específicos y estandarizados, con un adecuado enfoque para evitar errores y obtener resultados inmediatos y verídicos que permitan un manejo rápido y certero, evitando complicaciones e incluso la muerte del paciente en los servicios de urgencias o en cuidados intensivos.


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