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Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez

2014, Número 3

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Enf Neurol (Mex) 2014; 13 (3)


Farmacoepidemiología de los fármacos antagonistas de los receptores de angiotensina (ARA) II en el tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial esencial. México

Alba-Leonel A, Fajardo-Ortiz G, Papaqui-HJ

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 68
Paginas: 139-146
Archivo PDF: 274.08 Kb.


RESUMEN

Epidemiología de la hipertensión arterial: A nivel mundial, se reporta que la prevalencia de hipertensión arterial en población adulta se encuentra entre un 20-27%. Tratamiento farmacológico: Los ARA II ejercen su acción a través del bloqueo de los receptores AT1 de la angiotensina II de forma específica y altamente selectiva y actúan inhibiendo los efectos clásicos desfavorables de angiotensina II. Así, los ARA II antagonizan la acción de la angiotensina II producida por cualquier vía enzimática y no actúan sobre la degradación de las quininas, por lo que no condicionan un aumento de sus niveles en sangre. Además, al bloquear los receptores ATI los ARA II permiten que la angiotensina II circulante se pueda ligar a los receptores AT2, lo que puede añadir un efecto adicional potencialmente muy beneficioso. Estudios de morbimortalidad en Hipertensión con ARA II: La eficacia de los ARA II para disminuir la tensión arterial está demostrada desde hace varios años, tanto en HTA leve como moderada o severa, y en múltiples estudios comparativos estos fármacos muestran una eficacia antihipertensiva similar a la de los IECAS, antagonistas del calcio o betabloqueantes. Por tanto, ante una eficacia antihipertensiva similar y un mejor perfil de tolerabilidad, los ARA II pueden considerarse una familia farmacológica de gran utilidad en el tratamiento actual de la HTA. Conclusiones: La conclusión de los autores de diversos estudios es que los IECA y los ARA-II tienen una efectividad antihipertensiva similar y los IECA, una peor tolerabilidad.


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