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Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado

2014, Número 3

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Rev Esp Med Quir 2014; 19 (3)


Función neuroinmunológica de la glía en los procesos desmielinizantes

Soto-Rodríguez G, Blanco-Álvarez VM, González-Barrios JA, Martínez-Fong D, León-Chávez BA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 53
Paginas: 0
Archivo PDF: 913.98 Kb.


RESUMEN

La concepción del cerebro como un sitio inmunológicamente privilegiado ha cambiado, a la fecha se conoce que la respuesta neuroinmunológica es fundamental en el proceso de neurodegeneración, ya que puede promoverlo o inhibirlo, además de contribuir con la muerte neuronal. Las células gliales (microglía y astrocitos) son los principales efectores de la respuesta neuroinmunológica en las enfermedades desmielinizantes, mediante su activación y liberación de moléculas neurotóxicas como citocinas y quimiocinas, que originalmente son dirigidas a incrementar el proceso neurorregenerativo mediante la expresión de factores de crecimiento que promoverán una remielinización. Así, el conocimiento de los mecanismos de regulación de la activación de las células gliales, como la expresión de citocinas, quimiocinas y factores de crecimiento permitirán el diseño y desarrollo de terapias específicas de neurorregeneración para las patologías desmielinizantes.


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