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2005, Número S3

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Arch Cardiol Mex 2005; 75 (S3)


Doble choque eléctrico secuencial transtorácico para la fibrilación auricular refractaria

Velázquez RE, Martínez EA, Cancino RC, Olvera MG, Rangel RJ, Arias ES

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 72
Paginas: 69-80
Archivo PDF: 174.38 Kb.


RESUMEN

Antecedentes: Estudios clínicos han mostrado que el éxito de la cardioversión transtorácica en fibrilación auricular depende de alcanzar un flujo de corriente adecuado al corazón y que es dependiente de la impedancia transtorácica. Cuando múltiples cardioversiones convencionales fallan para restaurar el ritmo sinusal en pacientes con fibrilación auricular el doble choque secuencial transtorácico puede ser una alternativa. Métodos y resultados: 21 pacientes consecutivos con fibrilación auricular paroxística o persistente refractaria al menos a dos choques monofásicos con energía inicial alta 360 J ó 200-300 y 360 J recibieron choques secuenciales con 720 J mediante dos desfibriladores. Edad media 64 ± 11 años y peso medio 97 ± 19 kg (intervalos, 49 a 112). La evolución de la fibrilación auricular fue ≤ 3 meses en el 76%. La hipertensión presente en 38% y ausencia de cardiopatía en 33%. El tamaño medio de la aurícula izquierda fue 4.5 ± 0.7 cm (intervalos, 3.5 a 6.0). El ritmo sinusal se alcanzó en 19 (90.4%), incluyendo 2 casos refractarios a choques bifásicos con una mediana de 1,050 J (intervalos, 660 a 1,440 J) sin complicaciones mayores. El análisis multivariable identificó a la duración de la fibrilación auricular, › 90 días (RR 0.98, IC 0.95-0.98 p = 0.02) y al peso corporal, 101 ± 11 kg (RR 0.64, IC 0.46-0.90 p = 0.01) como variables independientes asociadas con el fracaso de la cardioversión. El peso corporal, p = 0.002 fue el predictor univariable de cardioversión no exitosa. La cardioversión de alta energía no causa daño miocárdico evidenciado por estimación con troponina T.Conclusión: Para la fibrilación auricular refractaria a la cardioversión eléctrica convencional el doble choque secuencial transtorácico representa una alternativa segura y altamente eficaz y puede tener una aplicabilidad general.


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