Acevedo-Triana CA, Ávila-Campos JE, Cárdenas LF

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 200
Paginas: 36-53
Archivo PDF: 326.99 Kb.

RESUMEN

El efecto del ejercicio sobre la función cerebral ha sido reportado en varios estudios a lo largo de varios años, pero el mecanismo que podría explicar este efecto no es siempre consistente y por el contrario se han propuesto varios mecanismos diferentes. Esta revisión muestra en una parte inicial la descripción de los efectos del ejercicio sobre las estructuras y función cerebral en diferentes niveles; desde el nivel molecular y epigenético hasta un nivel cognitivo. Luego se describen las características básicas del control motor y los efectos del entrenamiento, aprendizaje y codificación de memoria motora. Finalmente se discute la posibilidad de que los fenómenos de creación de nuevas neuronas y sinapsis pueden explicar los efectos del ejercicio y la actividad motora sobre la cognición, pero probablemente la forma de inducción de esta plasticidad se da por vías diferentes.

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