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2014, Número 2

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Rev Mex Cardiol 2014; 25 (2)


Miocardiopatía del atleta

Asensio E, Álvarez M, Lara S, Álvarez CJ, Rodríguez H, Castro H, Fraga JM, Álvarez JB

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 77
Paginas: 109-117
Archivo PDF: 242.11 Kb.


RESUMEN

La práctica de los deportes de alto nivel es cada vez más común. En el presente trabajo se revisa una serie de conceptos sobre la muerte súbita en atletas y cómo se puede incluir el concepto de «miocardiopatía del atleta» en el conocimiento disponible hasta la fecha. La prevalencia de muerte súbita en atletas es mayor que en la población general (1.5:100,000 contra 0.2:100,000 respectivamente). Esta diferencia puede ser secundaria a ciertos cambios miocárdicos derivados del ejercicio de resistencia. Consistentemente se han estado describiendo cambios anatómicos y funcionales de predominio ventricular derecho que semejan a una displasia arritmogénica, lo que da lugar a la hipótesis de que el ejercicio de resistencia de alto nivel puede inducir una forma de miocardiopatía que explica un cierto número de casos de muerte súbita en atletas. Los profesionales de la salud deben conocer esta posibilidad de riesgo en atletas entrenados, al tiempo que deben estimular la realización de ejercicio moderado regular como una práctica saludable en la población general.


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