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Rev Cub Oftal 2014; 27 (1)
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 39
Paginas: 4-15
Archivo PDF: 156.46 Kb.
RESUMEN
Objetivo: evaluar el efecto de la fotocoagulación panretinal e inyección intravítrea de bevacizumab sobre las áreas de neovascularización en pacientes con retinopatía
diabética proliferativa activa.
Métodos: estudio experimental en 80 ojos de 62 pacientes con retinopatía diabética proliferativa con características de alto riesgo, a quienes se les asignó aleatoriamente fotocoagulación panretinal (Grupo L) o fotocoagulación panretinal con bevacizumab intravítreo (Grupo L + B).
Variables: edad, sexo, color de la piel, tipo de diabetes mellitus, tiempo de evolución, tipo de tratamiento, área de difusión de fluoresceína y regresión de neovascularización retinal y/o del disco óptico. Se realizó un seguimiento de 9 meses.
Resultados: en la evaluación inicial el área media de difusión fue de 8,95 mm
2 en el grupo L y de 10,08 mm
2 en el grupo L + B (
p = 0,347), que se modificó a 6,40 mm
2 y ,91 mm
2 (
p = 0,012) al mes; 3,15 mm
2 y 1,02 mm
2 (
p = 0,002) a los tres meses; 2,45 mm
2 y 0,58 mm
2 (
p = 0,001) a los seis meses; 2,18 mm
2 y 0,46 mm
2 (
p = 0,001) a los nueve meses, respectivamente. El análisis de las diferencias absolutas de los promedios mostró una reducción significativa de las áreas de difusión a favor del
tratamiento combinado en comparación con el momento inicial.
Conclusiones: en pacientes con retinopatía diabética proliferativa activa el bevacizumab intravítreo combinado con fotocoagulación panretinal produjo regresión dramática de la neovascularización, permaneciendo estable desde el tercer mes al noveno.
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