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2005, Número 6

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Gac Med Mex 2005; 141 (6)


Adipocinas, tejido adiposo y su relación con células del sistema inmune

Sánchez-Muñoz F, García-Macedo R, Alarcón-Aguilar F, Cruz M

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 94
Paginas: 505-512
Archivo PDF: 93.42 Kb.


RESUMEN

Adipocinas o adipocitocinas son los términos para referirse a las proteínas secretadas por el tejido adiposo. Entre ellas destacan la proteína estimuladora de acilación (ASP), TNF-α, IL-6, la resistina, la leptina y la adiponectina, con influencia sobre la sensibilidad a la insulina, así como el angiotensinógeno y el inhibidor del activador de plasminógeno (PAI-1) que tienen efecto sobre la vascularización. Diversos estudios indican que existe relación entre los adipocitos y las células del sistema inmune, consecuencia de un mecanismo de supervivencia y adaptación metabólica bajo condiciones adversas. Ahora se sabe que las adipocinas contribuyen a la inflamación y la resistencia a la insulina que presenta el sujeto obeso. Estas adaptaciones, conjuntamente con el estrés y el confort de la vida moderna, han contribuido al deterioro del organismo y han desencadenado la inflamación originada en el tejido adiposo. El objetivo de esta revisión es analizar la información que ha llevado al descubrimiento y esclarecimiento de la fisiología del tejido adiposo en relación con la secreción de diversas proteínas y de la inflamación originada en el mismo. En este sentido, las terapias dirigidas al tratamiento de las enfermedades relacionadas con la obesidad deberán orientarse a modificar el proceso inflamatorio originado en el tejido adiposo.


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