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TIP Revista Especializada en Ciencias Químico-Biológicas

2014, Número 1

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TIP Rev Esp Cienc Quim Biol 2014; 17 (1)


Los sistemas de dos componentes: circuitos moleculares versátiles

Barba-Ostria CA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 111
Paginas: 62-76
Archivo PDF: 475.74 Kb.


RESUMEN

Para sobrevivir, los organismos deben adaptarse a cambios ambientales repentinos que ejercen una presión selectiva y por lo tanto sus posibilidades de supervivencia, dependen de su capacidad para responder en forma rápida y precisa. La adaptación a estos cambios está estrechamente ligada a la correcta percepción y transmisión de los estímulos, así como a la generación de respuestas apropiadas. En diferentes bacterias, hongos, plantas y mohos mucilaginosos, los sistemas de dos componentes (SDC) permiten regular su fisiología de acuerdo a las condiciones ambientales. En estos circuitos moleculares, el mecanismo de comunicación entre módulos es la fosforilación consecutiva de residuos de His y Asp localizados en dos proteínas: una cinasa sensora (CS) y un regulador de la respuesta (RR). En este artículo de revisión, se destacan las características más relevantes de los SDC, así como su participación como sistemas de percepción-respuesta a muy diversos estímulos. Además se resaltan las diferencias entre los SDC en procariontes y eucariontes. Finalmente se ejemplifican algunas diferencias usando los circuitos de regulación osmótica de Escherichia coli y Saccharomyces cerevisiae.


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