2014, Número 2
Plasma rico en plaquetas versus paracetamol oral para el tratamiento de la osteoartrosis temprana de rodilla. Estudio preliminar
Acosta-Olivo C, Esponda-Colmenares F, Vilchez-Cavazos F, Lara-Arias J, Mendoza-Lemus O, Ramos-Morales T
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 34
Paginas: 163-169
Archivo PDF: 340.35 Kb.
RESUMEN
Antecedentes: la osteoartrosis se caracteriza por dolor, rigidez articular
y crepitación, con datos radiológicos específicos. El dolor se controla
con analgésicos y antiinflamatorios no esteroides. En la actualidad,
el plasma rico en plaquetas es una alternativa de tratamiento de esta
enfermedad.
Objetivo: comparar el efecto del plasma rico en plaquetas versus paracetamol
en el tratamiento de pacientes con osteoartrosis de rodilla grado I.
Material y métodos: ensayo prospectivo y experimental en el que se
estudiaron 42 pacientes que se asignaron al azar a dos grupos. Al grupo
1 (experimental) se le indicaron 5 mL de plasma rico en plaquetas,
en dos aplicaciones; el grupo 2 (control) se trató con 1 g de paracetamol
oral cada 8 horas durante 30 días. Ambos grupos recibieron terapia
física supervisada, con un tiempo de seguimiento total de seis meses.
Para determinar las concentraciones de sangre periférica se tomaron
muestras de IL-1β, TNF-α y TGF-β en plasma el día 0 y a los 6 meses.
La valoración clínica se realizó con el Knee injury and Osteoarthritis
Outcome Score (KOOS) al inicio y mensualmente durante el estudio.
Resultados: los resultados de IL-1β y TNF-α no mostraron diferencia
significativa entre los grupos tratados con plasma rico en plaquetas y
paracetamol. La escala KOOS para el grupo 1 al inicio del tratamiento
fue de 30.1 puntos y al finalizar el tratamiento 48.2 puntos, con mejoría
clínica de 60%.
Conclusiones: los pacientes tratados con plasma rico en plaquetas
tuvieron un incremento significativo en las concentraciones séricas de
TGF-β1 que se asoció con la mejoría clínica relacionada con el KOOS.
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