Cortázar-Benítez LF, Aisa-Álvarez A, Galindo-Campos M, Carrillo-Ocampo L, Rodríguez-Weber FL, Díaz-Greene EJ

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 43
Paginas: 285-294
Archivo PDF: 446.72 Kb.

RESUMEN

La pancreatitis aguda es un padecimiento frecuente, con incidencia de 5 a 80 casos por 100,000 pacientes adultos al año, según las diferentes regiones geográficas y series publicadas. De estos casos, 10 a 20% padecen pancreatitis aguda grave (PAG) y aproximadamente 30% de ellos fallece por diversas complicaciones, entre ellas, disfunción orgánica múltiple. En los últimos 15 años, a la par de la publicación de guías terapéuticas, se ha mejorado el pronóstico y supervivencia de los pacientes con pancreatitis aguda gracias a diversas medidas terapéuticas, quizá la más conocida sea el esquema intensivo de hidratación inicial; sin embargo, también se han identificado más casos de síndrome compartimental abdominal, y la bibliografía acumula evidencia de los efectos de la sobrehidratación en la generación de este síndrome. De igual manera, se han realizado varios intentos por encontrar opciones diagnósticas del síndrome a través de la medición, por varias técnicas, de la presión intraabdominal. Una vez que se ha manifestado el síndrome compartimental abdominal con disfunción orgánica, el tratamiento debe iniciarse inmediatamente. Aunque se han descrito varias técnicas de descompresión, la laparotomía descompresiva continúa siendo el procedimiento de elección.

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