García DI, Vega-Franco L, Iñarritu MC, Thompson-Chagoyan OC, Lopéz-Moreno M, Huerta M, Villanueva-Recillas S

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 31
Paginas: 297-304
Archivo PDF: 73.83 Kb.

RESUMEN

Objetivo: Investigar las discrepancias somáticas, bioquímicas y de presión arterial según el peso al nacer.
Material y métodos: Se estudiaron 53 jóvenes que nacieron con peso ‹ 2500 g y 100 jóvenes con peso normal. Variables: somatometría, presión arterial, y concentraciones en suero de glucosa, insulina, colesterol y triglicéridos. Se estudió la presencia de resistencia a la insulina y de síndrome metabólico.
Resultados: Los varones nacidos con peso normal tuvieron mayor colesterol en suero, pliegue tricipital y resistencia a la insulina. Las diferencias en resistencia a la insulina persistieron por razón de momios. En los de peso bajo al nacer, a menor peso mayor concentración de glucosa. Se encontró sobrepeso-obesidad en 30% (46/153) y síndrome metábólico en 10% (14/140): la frecuencia de éste aumentó con el IMC; de 2% (2/100) en eutróficos a 30 % (12/40) en quienes tenían sobrepeso-obesidad.
Conclusiones: Los hallazgos resaltan la magnitud de la adiposidad y del síndrome metabólico en jóvenes.

REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)

1. 1. Barker DJP. Mothers Babies and Health in later life. 2nd edition, London: Churchill Livingstone, 1998:7-112.

2. 2. Hales CN, Barker DJP. The thifty phenotype hypothesis. Brit Med Bull 2001;60:5-20.

3. 3. Ong KL, Ahmed M, Emmet P, Preece M, Dunger D. Association between postnatal catch-up growth and obesity in childhood: a prospective cohort study. BMJ 2000-320:967-971.

4. 4. Leon D, Lithell H, Vagero D, Koupilova I, Mohsen R, Berglund L, et al. Reduced fetal growth rate and increased risk of death from ischaemic heart disease: cohort study of 15 000 Swedish men and women born 1915-29. BMJ 1998;317:241-245.

5. 5. Rich-Edwards WJ, Stampfer MJ, Manson JE, Rosner B, Hankinson SE, Colditz GA. Birthweight and risk of cardiovascular disease in a cohort of women followed up since 1976. BMJ 1997;315:396-400.

6. 6. Sparén P, Vagerö D, Shestov DB, Plavinskaja S, Parfenova N, Hoptiar V, et al. Long term mortality after severe starvation during the siege of Leningrad: prospective cohort study. BMJ, doi:10.116/bmj.37942.6039709A(publshed 5 December 2003)

7. 7. Ericksson JG, Forsen T, Tuomilehto J, Winter PD, Osmond C, Barker DJP. Catch up growth in childhood and death from coronary heart disease: longitudinal study. BMJ 1999;318:427-431.

8. 8. Forrester T, Wilks R, Bennett F, Simeon D, Osmond C, Allen M, et al. Fetal growth and cardiovascular risk factors in Jamaican school children BMJ 1996;312:156-160.

9. 9. Law C, Egger P, Dada 0, Delgado H, Kylberg E, Lavin P, et al. Body size at birth and blood pressure among children in developing countries. Int J Epid 2001;30:52-57.

10. World Health Organization. World Health Report 2002. Shapenig the future. Ginebra: WHO, 2003. Chapter 6 and 7.

11. Lohman T, Roche A, Martorell R. Anthropometric standarization reference manual.1a edición, Illinois: Hwnan Kinetics Books, 1988. p. 3-91.

12. VMO/FAO Experts Consultation. Report: Diet, nutrition and prevention of chronic diseases. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2002 (WHO Technical Report Series, 916).

13. World Health Organization-International Society of Hypertension. Guidelines for the management of hypertension. J Hypertension 1999;63:184-188

14. Fukushima M, Taniguchi A, Sakai M, Doi K, Nagasaka S, Tanaka H, et al. Homeostasis model assessment as a clinical index of insulin resistance: comparison with the minimal model analysis. Diabetes Care 1999;22:1911-1915.

15. NHLBI/AHA. Definition of metabolic syndrome. Circulation 2004; 109:433-438.

16. Mogren I, Hoberg U, Stegmayr B, Lindahl B, Stenlund H. Fetal exposure, heredity and risk indicators for cardiovascular disease in a Swedish welfare cohort. Int J Epid 2001;30:853-862.

17. Walker B, Connachie A, Noon J, Webb D, Watt G. Contribution of parental blood pressures to association between low birth weight and adult high blood pressure. BMJ 1998;316:834-837.

18. Dabelea D, Pettitt DJ, Hanson RL, Imperatore G, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. Birth weight, type 2 diabetes, and insulin resistance in Pima Indian children and young adults. Diabetes Care 1999;22:944-950.

19. Leger J, Levy-Marchal C, Bloch J, Pinet A, Chevenne D, Porquet D, et al. Reduced final height and indications for insulin resistance in 20 year olds bom small for gestational age: regional cohort study BMJ 1997;315:341-347.

20. Singhal A, Fewtrell M, Cole TJ, Lucas A. Low nutrient intake and early growth for later insulin resistance in adolescents bom preterm. Lancet 2003;361:1089-1097.

21. Jensen C, Storgaard H, Dela F, Holst J, Madsbad S, Vaag AA, et al. Early differential defects of insulin secretion and action in 19-year-old Caucasian men who had low birth weight. Diabetes 2002;51:1271-1279.

22. Sinako A, Donahue RP, Jacobs DR, Prineas RJ. Relation of weight and rate of increase in weight during childhood and adolescence to body size, blood pressure, fasting insulin and lipids in young adults: The Minneapolis children's blood pressure study. Circulation 1999;99:1471-1476.

23. Parsons T, Power C, Manor O. Fetal and early life growth and body mass index from birth to early adulthood in 1958 British cohort: longitudinal study. BMJ 2001;323:1331-1335.

24. Li C, Jonson M, Goran M. Effects of low birth weight on insulin resistance syndrome in Caucasian and African American children. Diabetes Care 2001;24:2035-2042.

25. Eriksson JG, Tuomilehto J, Osmond C, Parker JP. Growth in utero and, during childhood among women who develop coronary heart disease: longitudinal study. BMJ 1999; 319:1403-7

26. Veening MA, Van Weissenbruch MM, Heine RJ, Delemarre-van de Waal H. Betacell capacity and insulin sensitivity in prepuberal children born small for gestational age Influence of body size during childhood. Diabetes 2003;52:1756-1760.

27. Yajnik C, Lubree G, Rege S, Naik S, Deshpande JA, Deshpande SS, et al. Adiposity and hyperinsulinemia in Indians are present at birth. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002;87:5575-5580.

28. Vaessen N, Janssen JA, Heutink P, y col. Association between genetic variation in the gene for insulin-like growth factor-I and low birth weight. Lancet 2002;359:1036-1038.

29. Lakka HM, Laaksonen DE, Laaka TA, Niskanen LK, Kumpusalo E, Toumilehto J, et al. The metabolic syndrome and total and cardiovascular disease mortality in middle-aged men. JAMA 2002;288:2709-2716.

30. Laor A, Stevenson DK, Shemer J, Gale R, Seidman DS. Size at birth, maternal nutritional status in pregnancy, and blood pressure at age 17: population based analysis. BMJ 1997;315:449-453

31. Huxley R, Neil A, Collins R. Unravelling the fetal origins hypothesis: is there really an inverse association between birth weight and subsequent blood pressure? Lancet 2002;360:659-665.