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Academia Mexicana de Neurología, A.C.

2013, Número 1

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Rev Mex Neuroci 2013; 14 (1)


Flujo sanguíneo y actividad celular del sistema nervioso: relación estructura-función

Cortés-Sol A, Pacheco P

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 81
Paginas: 31-38
Archivo PDF: 252.83 Kb.


RESUMEN

Las células endoteliales del sistema nervioso presentan características anatómicas especiales, representando la barrera de protección máxima al cerebro. Debido a la interacción directa entre el sistema circulatorio y el sistema nervioso; un mal funcionamiento en la irrigación sanguínea cerebral conlleva a afecciones cerebrovasculares y la incidencia de ciertas enfermedades neurodegenerativas. En la actualidad, el interés por detectar cambios en el flujo sanguíneo y visualizar áreas activas dentro del cerebro, se ha dividido en diferentes aspectos anatómicos y funcionales del sistema circulatorio. Cambios en la vasculatura (pérdida de vasos, angiogénesis) han sido asociados con disfunciones tales como tumores cerebrales, Alzheimer y epilepsia. Es por ello que debemos dirigir la atención a la estructura y función de los capilares cerebrales y conocer más a fondo su interrelación con la actividad celular, así como las técnicas empleadas en el monitoreo del suplemento sanguíneo en regiones cerebrales. En conclusión, quizá el entendimiento de las funciones de la célula endotelial como unidad reguladora de la homeostasis vascular podría arrojar nuevas interpretaciones sobre los mecanismos de intercambio entre la sangre y el tejido cerebral, además de ampliar la comprensión de diversas enfermedades cerebrovasculares, la formulación de tratamientos preventivos y el desarrollo farmacológico de drogas anti-angiogénicas.


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