2009, Número 6
<< Anterior Siguiente >>
Rev Mex Neuroci 2009; 10 (6)
Metilfenidato y procesamiento verbal emocional en jóvenes adultas con Trastorno por Déficit de Atención
González-Garrido AA, de la Serna TJM, Barrios FA, Gómez-Velázquez FR, Ramos-Loyo J, Cocula LH
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 39
Paginas: 427-433
Archivo PDF: 97.49 Kb.
RESUMEN
Introducción: Las mujeres adultas con trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) suelen sufrir dificultades
emocionales, pero nuestro conocimiento sobre la eficacia de los tratamientos farmacológicos en este aspecto es limitado.
Objetivo: Evaluar la respuesta funcional asociada a la ejecución de una tarea de memoria a corto plazo usando estímulos
verbales con contenido emocional en mujeres con TDAH, sin y bajo efecto de Metilfenidato (MFD).
Método: Ocho mujeres
universitarias, diestras –diagnóstico TDAH subtipo inatento– ejecutaron una tarea auditiva de memoria a corto plazo empleando
palabras con contenido emocional positivo o negativo en dos sesiones (sin y con ingestión de una dosis terapéutica -0.4 mg/kgde
MFD) mientras registramos la respuesta funcional cerebral mediante la técnica BOLD de resonancia magnética.
Resultados:
El MFD mejoró la ejecución conductual de la tarea para ambos tipos de estímulo, determinando incremento en la actividad funcional
en localizaciones frontales, temporales y parietales de ambos hemisferios, con ligeras diferencias según la naturaleza emocional
del estímulo.
Conclusión: MFD genera mayor y más amplia activación funcional cerebral asociada con mejor ejecución conductual
en una tarea de memoria usando palabras con contenido emocional relevante, probablemente como efecto de una mayor eficiencia
funcional en circuitos neurales que involucran áreas frontales.
REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)
DSM-IV TR. Manual diagnóstico y estadístico de los trastornos mentales, Texto revisado. Barcelona: Masson; 2003.
Seidman LJ, Valera EM, Bush G. Brain function and structure in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am 2004; 27: 323-47.
Albert J, López-Martín S, Fernández-Jaén A, Carretié L. Emotional alterations in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: existing data and open questions. Rev Neurol 2008; 47(1): 39-45.
Corbett B, Glidden H. Processing affective stimuli in children with attentiondeficit hyperactivity disorder. Child Neuropsychol 2000; 6(2): 144-55.
Herpertz SC, Mueller B, Qunaibi M, Lichterfeld C, Konrad K, Herpertz- Dahlmann B. Response to emotional stimuli in boys with conduct disorder. Am J Psychiatry 2005; 162(6): 1100-7.
van Meel CS, Oosterlaan J, Heslenfeld DJ, Sergeant JA. Telling good from bad news: ADHD differentially affects processing of positive and negative feedback during guessing. Neuropsychologia 2005; 43(13): 1946-54.
Yuill N, Lyon J. Selective difficulty in recognising facial expressions of emotion in boys with ADHD. General performance impairments or specific problems in social cognition? Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2007; 16(6): 398-404.
Blaskey LG, Harris LJ, Nigg JT. Are sensation seeking and emotion processing related to or distinct from cognitive control in children with ADHD? Child Neuropsychol 2008; 14(4): 353-71.
Calder AJ, Young AW. Understanding the recognition of facial identity and facial expression. Nat Rev Neurosci 2005: 6(8): 641-651.
Cavada C, Compañy T, Tejedor J, Cruz-Rizzolo RJ, Reinoso-Suárez F. The anatomical connections of the macaque monkey orbitofrontal cortex. A review. Cereb Cortex 2000; 10(3): 220-42.
Ongür D, Price JL. The organization of networks within the orbital and medial prefrontal cortex of rats, monkeys and humans. Cereb Cortex 2000; 10(3): 206-19.
Wilens TE, Spencer TJ. The stimulants revisited. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am 2000; 9: 573-603.
Cox DJ, Humphrey JW, Merkel RL, Penberthy JK, Kovatchev B. Controlled-Release Methylphenidate improves attention during onroad driving by adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. J Am Board Fam Pract 2004; 17: 235-9.
Wilens TE, Faraone S, Biederman J. Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in adults. JAMA 2004; 292: 619-23.
Kim BN, Lee JS, Shin MS, Cho SC, Lee DS. Regional cerebral perfusion abnormalities in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Statistical parametric mapping analysis. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2002; 252: 219-25.
Matochik JA, Nordahl TE, Gross M, Semple WE, King AC, Cohen RM, Zametkin AJ. Effects of acute stimulant medication on cerebral metabolism in adults with hyperactivity. Neuropsychopharmacology 1993; 8: 377-86.
Mehta MA, Owen AM, Sahakian BJ, Mavaddat N, Pickard JD, Robbins TW. Methylphenidate enhances working memory by modulating discrete frontal and parietal lobe regions in the human brain. J Neurosci 2000; 20: 65.
Vaidya CJ, Austin G, Kirkorian G, Ridlehuber HW, Desmond JE, Glover GH, Gabrieli JD. Selective effects of methylphenidate in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A functional magnetic resonance study. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998; 95: 14494-9.
Anderson CM, Polcari A, Lowen SB, Renshaw PF, Teicher MH. Effects of methylphenidate on functional magnetic resonance relaxometry of the cerebellar vermis in boys with ADHD. Am J Psychiatry 2002: 159: 1322-8.
Lou HC, Henrikson L, Bruhn P, Berner H, Nielsen JB. Striatal dysfunction in attention deficit and hyperkinetic disorder. Arch Neurol 1989; 46: 48-52.
Teicher MH, Anderson CM, Polcari A, Glod CA, Maas LC, Renshaw PF. Functional deficits in basal ganglia of children with attentiondeficit/ hyperactivity disorder shown with functional magnetic resonance imaging relaxometry. Nat Med 2000; 6(4): 470-3.
Güntekin B, Baºar E. Gender differences influence brain’s beta oscillatory responses in recognition of facial expressions. Neurosci Lett 2007; 424(2): 94-9.
Henderson LA, Gandevia SC, Macefield VG. Gender differences in brain activity evoked by muscle and cutaneous pain: a retrospective study of single-trial fMRI data. Neuroimage 2008; 39(4): 1867-76.
Koch K, Pauly K, Kellermann T, Seiferth NY, Reske M, Backes V, et al. Gender differences in the cognitive control of emotion: an fMRI study. Neuropsychologia 2007; 45(12): 2744-54.
Montagne B, Kessels RP, Frigerio E, de Haan EH, Perrett DI. Sex differences in the perception of affective facial expressions: Do men really lack emotional sensitivity? Cogn Process 2005; 6(2): 136-41.
Nadeau K and Quinn P. Understanding Women with AD/HD. New York: Advantage Books; 2002.
González-Garrido AA, Barrios FA, de la Serna Tuya JM, Cocula-León H, Gómez-Velázquez FR. Metilfenidato y memoria a corto plazo en mujeres jóvenes con TDAH. Estudio de IRMf. Rev Neurol 2009; 48: 509-14.
Rodríguez-Jiménez R, Ponce G, Monasor R, Jiménez-Gimenez M, Pérez-Rojo JA, Rubio G, Jiménez Arriero PT. Validación en la población española adulta de la Wender-Utah Raiting Scale para la evaluación retrospectiva de trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad en la infancia. Rev Neurol 2001; 33(2): 138-44.
Friston KJ, Fletcher P, Josephs O, Holmes A, Rugg MD, Turner R. Event-related fMRI: characterizing differential responses. Neuroimage 1998; 7: 30-40.
Genovese CR, Lazar NA, Nichols T. Thresholding of statistical maps in functional neuroimaging using the false discovery rate. Neuroimage 2002; 15: 870-8.
Guyer AE, McClure EB, Adler AD, Brotman MA, Rich BA, Kimes AS, Pine DS, Ernst M, Leibenluft E. Specificity of facial expression labeling deficits in childhood psychopathology. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2007; 48(9): 863-71.
Da Fonseca D, Seguier V, Santos A, Poinso F, Deruelle C. Emotion understanding in children with ADHD. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2009; 40(1): 111-21.
Krauel K, Duzel E, Hinrichs H, Santel S, Rellum T, Baving L. Impact of emotional salience on episodic memory in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Biol Psychiatry 2007; 61(12): 1370-9.
Fan J, Posner M. Human attentional networks. Psychiatr Prax 2004; 31(Suppl. 2): S210-4.
Posner MI. Measuring alertness. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2008; 1129: 193-9.
Repovs G, Baddeley A. The multi-component model of working memory: Explorations in experimental cognitive psychology. Neuroscience 2006; 139(1): 5-21.
Bush G, Frazier JA, Rauch SL, Seidman LJ, Whalen PJ, Jenike MA, et al. Anterior Cingulate Cortex Dysfunction in Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder revealed by fMRI and the countin Stroop. Biol Psychiatry 1999; 45: 1542-52.
Dickstein SG, Bannon K, Castellanos FX, Milham MP. The neural correlates of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: an ALE metaanalysis. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2006; 47: 1051-62.
Tamm L, Menon V, Ringel J, Reiss AL. Event Related fMRI evidence of frontotemporal Involvement in aberrant response inhibition and task switching in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2004; 43(11): 1430-40.