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Academia Mexicana de Neurología, A.C.

2008, Número 5

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Rev Mex Neuroci 2008; 9 (5)


Acerca de la rehabilitación en adicciones

Souza MM, Cruz MDL

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 81
Paginas: 409-417
Archivo PDF: 73.53 Kb.


RESUMEN

La rehabilitación en adicciones es la cúspide del manejo brindado al paciente a causa de sus trastornos y comorbilidad, esfuerzo sin el cual se desmoronaría el logro alcanzado. Ello es particularmente cierto en la patología derivada del consumo de psicotrópicos, cuya dependencia –a menudo múltiple–, hace imprescindible la meta de alcanzar y mantener la abstinencia productiva, en el marco de un programa de prevención de recaídas. El objetivo rehabilitatorio es ayudar a las personas a desarrollar las habilidades emocionales, sociales e intelectuales necesarias para poder vivir, aprender y trabajar en la comunidad con la menor cantidad posible de apoyo por parte de los profesionales de las distintas áreas. Una rehabilitación real y exitosa requiere que los procesos individual y comunitario se integren en un programa activo, gradual con respecto a las necesidades y posibilidades de cada persona. Los problemas de las personas no son sólo individuales o internos y las soluciones residen en los sistemas interpersonales que los involucran entre sí. Las redes sociales son la descripción de ciertas interacciones que establecen un determinado número de personas. La congruencia entre cualquier ser vivo y su medio es adaptación. Mientras un ecosistema conserve su congruencia, mantiene su adaptación, organización y existencia. La rehabilitación en este campo puede ayudar incluso a los venoadictos, algunos de los cuales están infectados por VIH/SIDA, a entender y manejar su enfermedad, proporcionando simultáneamente, la posibilidad de transformar a la persona-objeto, en persona-sujeto, a través de la mejoría de la autoestima lograda por ellos.


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