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Academia Mexicana de Neurología, A.C.

2008, Número 4

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Rev Mex Neuroci 2008; 9 (4)


Necesidad de neuroprotección en la enfermedad de Parkinson

Pedroso II, Aguiar RA, Bringas VML, Álvarez SM, Álvarez GL, Díaz FA, Padrón SA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 56
Paginas: 298-302
Archivo PDF: 55.28 Kb.


RESUMEN

La EP es una afección neurodegenerativa relacionada con la edad y su etiología no se conoce; actualmente se plantea que es probable que se trate de una combinación entre factores genéticos y ambientales que conllevan a la degeneración de las neuronas nigrales dopaminérgicas. En relación al manejo terapéutico de la EP, el conocimiento de las bases bioquímicas de la enfermedad ha ayudado a encontrar fármacos que pretenden restaurar la función perdida del sistema dopaminérgico nigroestriatal. A pesar de las más modernas terapias, nuestros pacientes continúan evolucionando a la discapacidad progresiva. Actualmente, el abordaje farmacológico resulta insuficiente para detener la degeneración de las neuronas dopaminérgicas y mantener el beneficio del control motor. Hoy tenemos el reto de trabajar en la dirección de desarrollar una terapéutica, que aplicada en los primeros estadios de la EP sea capaz de enlentecer, detener o revertir su evolución clínica. El uso clínico de agentes neuroprotectores se ha obstaculizado por su toxicidad o por haberse demostrado su ineficacia (coenzima Q, riluzole, selegilina, etc.). En estudios de laboratorio se han obtenido drogas neuroprotectoras potenciales, pero los marcadores clínicos pueden confundirse con efectos beneficiosos sintomáticos al tratamiento y los marcadores imagenológicos pueden afectarse por los cambios farmacológicos y farmacodinámicos resultantes. La comprensión de los mecanismos responsables de la degeneración neuronal permitirá el desarrollo de los agentes neuroprotectores a que actualmente no hay drogas o terapias que bloqueen totalmente la progresión de la EP.


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