Salazar-Juárez A, Barbosa MS, Feregrino AMI, Hernández MR, Ramos OE, Bonilla RE, Jacinto GS, Pentel P, Antón B

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 50
Paginas: 219-227
Archivo PDF: 447.25 Kb.

RESUMEN

La adicción a una droga de abuso representa uno de los problemas sanitarios más importantes ya que esta patología genera la muerte de cerca de 500 000 sujetos anualmente en el mundo. A pesar de este panorama, el desarrollo de terapias farmacológicas efectivas contra esta enfermedad es lento y poco exitoso. En los últimos años se han diseñado y validado nuevas estrategias farmacológicas alternativas contra la adicción a drogas de abuso, como las vacunas y su uso en procedimientos farmacológicos inmunoterapéuticos para el tratamiento de esas conductas tanto en modelos de animales como en el humano. Estas nuevas estrategias experimentales están basadas en el diseño y síntesis de diversas formulaciones estructurales de vacunas terapéuticas contra las sustancias de abuso las cuales, al ser dosificadas en esquemas de inmunización activa, inducen la producción de anticuerpos séricos específicos que reconocen y se unen a estas sustancias en el espacio intravascular sistémico e impiden que crucen la barrera hematoencefálica, con lo cual disminuyen sus efectos en el cerebro. En el año 2006 nuestro grupo de trabajo en el Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz (INPRFM) logró y consolidó el diseño, síntesis, aplicación y validación de efectos terapéuticos inmunoprotectores contra recaídas al consumo adictivo de morfina/heroína, en un modelo animal con roedores y su escalamiento potencial para uso humano contra la adicción a esas sustancias. Este modelo muestra capacidades inmunogénicas (títulos altos y sostenidos de anticuerpos altamente específicos) y de inmunoprotección (atenúa el efecto de hasta 15mg/Kg sc de morfina) que los modelos estructurales de vacuna desarrollados por otros grupos de investigadores no han podido igualar. Esto lo convierte en un modelo líder de vacuna contra los efectos adictivos de la heroína y morfina.

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