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2013, Número 2

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Rev Mex Cardiol 2013; 24 (2)


Tetralogía de Fallot. Actualización del diagnóstico y tratamiento

Alva EC

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 40
Paginas: 87-93
Archivo PDF: 224.45 Kb.


RESUMEN

Casi siete décadas han transcurrido desde la primera paliación quirúrgica a una enferma con tetralogía de Fallot (TOF). Esta es la cardiopatía compleja más tratada y mejor conocida. El tiempo ha permitido ver los resultados a largo plazo de los diferentes abordajes quirúrgicos; estas observaciones han permitido a los equipos médico-quirúrgicos hacer modificaciones, en especial la corrección primaria inicial entre los 6 y 12 meses de vida versus en dos tiempos. El desarrollo tecnológico en las herramientas diagnósticas, operatorias y posoperatorias también ha mejorado los resultados. En la actualidad es posible esperar una sobrevivencia del 90% de los niños con TOF a 30 años después de la corrección quirúrgica, con una calidad de vida normal en muchos de ellos; sin embargo, la necesidad de reoperación y las complicaciones tardías incluyendo las arritmias y la muerte súbita son problemas no resueltos. Este artículo es una revisión sobre la tetralogía de Fallot que incluye los aspectos históricos, diagnósticos, la evolución de los criterios quirúrgicos, las controversias actuales sobre los mismos y sus resultados, el papel de la cardiología intervencionista, el desfibrilador implantable y cómo se vislumbra el futuro próximo.


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