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2013, Número S1

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Rev Mex Cir Endoscop 2013; 14 (S1)


La revolución pedagógica en la cirugía, Parte I. Los agentes del cambio

Quirarte CC, Muñoz HJD

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 95
Paginas: 7-22
Archivo PDF: 256.45 Kb.


RESUMEN

Los fundamentos históricos, conceptuales y epistemológicos del cambio educativo en cirugía.
En esta primera parte de cuatro se analizan los factores que han contribuido a un cambio en los paradigmas de la cirugía y en la enseñanza de la misma, principalmente los referentes a la cirugía laparoscópica, los cambios previos en la educación médica, como la revolución flexneriana y los nuevos enfoques, corrientes y tendencias de la medicina actual. Se analiza la medicina basada en evidencias, el modelo tradicional halstediano de enseñanza tutorial, sus limitaciones y deficiencias actuales, la importancia de la simulación en los nuevos modelos de aprendizaje en la cirugía, la revelación y cuestionamientos acerca de la inaceptable tasa de errores e iatrogenias en la nueva era de la medicina, el cambio hacia la «medicina basada en competencias y medición de resultados» y la descripción de algunos importantes ejemplos de los nuevos modelos de evaluación en la clínica y la cirugía. Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda de los artículos pertinentes al tema por internet, a través de Medline, PubMed NCBI, Google Académico, Medigraphic y Wikipedia, utilizando los descriptores: «surgical education», «surgical teaching», «simulators in surgery», «surgical competencies», «metodología de la investigación», «teorías del aprendizaje», «aprendizaje de destrezas motoras» y mediante la consulta de algunos libros originales sobre los temas tratados.


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