2012, Número 2
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Rev Invest Clin 2012; 64 (2)
Cambios en el ARNm de células mononucleares periféricas por el efecto de glutamina sintetasa: exploración de una propuesta alternativa para el metabolismo no hepático del amonio
Duarte-Rojo A, Torres-Vega MÁ, Villamil-Ramírez H, Estradas J, Domínguez-López A, Sánchez-Muñoz F, Orea-Tejeda A, Castillo-Martínez L, Miliar-García Á, Macías-Rodríguez RU, Torre A
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 38
Paginas: 164-172
Archivo PDF: 240.31 Kb.
RESUMEN
Antecedentes. La glutamina sintetasa (GS) desempeña un papel central en el metabolismo del amonio y en la encefalopatía hepática en diferentes órganos. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue explorar el posible efecto del ejercicio en la expresión del ARNm de la GS en células mononucleares de sangre periférica (CMSP) en un grupo de voluntarios sanos.
Material y métodos. Se estudiaron CMSP en lugar de músculo esquelético debido a consideraciones éticas. La caracterización de GS en los linfocitos se realizó mediante inmunofluorescencia indirecta y Western blot. Después de un estudio piloto la expresión del ARNm de GS en CMSP se efectuó mediante mediciones seriadas en voluntarios sanos luego de realizar una prueba de esfuerzo en banda y en un grupo control no sometido a ejercicio. La masa muscular se estimó mediante bioimpedancia.
Resultados. Se encontró que la GS se distribuyó en el citoplasma con un peso molecular de 44kDa. Las mediciones seriadas de ARNm demostraron un aumento en el grupo sometido a ejercicio (n = 29), pero no en el grupo control (n = 13) (p ‹ 0.05). La expresión pico ocurrió en 1 h en hombres y en 6 h en mujeres. Hubo una correlación positiva entre la masa muscular y el incremento de ARNm de la enzima dada por el ejercicio.
Conclusiones. El ejercicio puede incrementar la expresión de ARNm de GS en CMSP en voluntarios sanos. Con base en estos resultados preliminares y en conceptos fisiológicos bien establecidos se concibe una hipótesis para el metabolismo no hepático del amonio, misma que sentaría los fundamentos para el tratamiento de la encefalopatía hepática de bajo grado.
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