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2013, Número 3

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Rev Mex Med Repro 2013; 5.6 (3)


Síndrome de hiperestimulación ovárica

Téllez VS, Serrano GMG

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 39
Paginas: 117-130
Archivo PDF: 189.23 Kb.


RESUMEN

El síndrome de hiperestimulación ovárica se define como una respuesta anormalmente elevada de los ovarios ante la estimulación hormonal. Se trata de una complicación iatrogénica causada por el uso y abuso en el tratamiento de infertilidad, principalmente de la hiperestimulación ovárica controlada utilizada en técnicas de reproducción asistida, aunque también puede ocurrir en el tratamiento de inducción de ovulación, y aun en el curso de un embarazo espontáneo. Existen diferentes situaciones que pueden predisponer a este síndrome; entre los factores de riesgo están: edad, sobrepeso, síndrome de ovarios poliquísticos, número de folículos y aumento en las concentraciones séricas de estradiol. Una vez establecido el padecimiento, es necesario clasificarlo para decidir el tipo de tratamiento. El manejo inicial consiste en prevenir la aparición del síndrome detectando oportunamente los factores de riesgo que pueden inducir su aparición, en caso de que a pesar de las medidas de prevención sobrevenga el síndrome, será necesario tratarlo de acuerdo con el grado de hiperestimulación ovárica que se haya establecido. En este artículo se revisa el síndrome de hiperestimulación ovárica; se analiza su fisiopatología, cuadro clínico, clasificación, diagnóstico y tratamiento.


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