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Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán

2008, Número 6

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Rev Invest Clin 2008; 60 (6)


Factores de riesgo asociados a hipoglucemia sintomática en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2

Durán-Nah JJ, Rodríguez-Morales A, Smitheram J, Correa-Medina C

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 30
Paginas: 451-458
Archivo PDF: 74.22 Kb.


RESUMEN

Objetivo. Identificar factores de riesgo asociados a hipoglucemia sintomática (HS) (≤ 72 mg) en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2), atendidos en un hospital de la ciudad de Mérida, durante 2003-2004. Material y métodos. Se incluyeron 94 pacientes con HS (casos incidentes) y 188 con diagnóstico diferente del de hipoglucemia (controles incidentes). Factores de tipo demográfico y clínico fueron incluidos en un modelo binario de regresión logística (MRL) del que se obtuvieron las razones de momios (RM) y los intervalos de confianza de 95% (IC 95%) para las variables con p ‹ 0.05. Resultados. La edad tuvo un efecto protector. La duración de la DM2, la escolaridad (analfabeta-educación primaria, RM 3.7, [IC 95% 1.4 a 10]; p = 0.009), el tipo de especialista que usualmente daba atención médica (Médico de la familia, RM 2.8, [1.02 a 7.9]; p = 0.04), tener insuficiencia renal crónica (RM 3.0, [1.2 a 7.7]; p = 0.01), el esquema hipoglucemiante utilizado (terapia combinada, RM 5.2, [2.3 a 11.8]; p ‹ 0.01), la ingesta reducida de alimentos la semana previa a la hospitalización (RM 19.8, [9.1 a 43.1]; p ‹ 0.001) y el antecedente de episodios previos de hipoglucemia (RM 2.9; [1.3 a 6.5]; p = 0.01) estuvieron asociados con HS. El MRL excluyó la exposición a polifarmacia como factor de riesgo asociado a hipoglucemia (RM 4.86; [0.7 a 35.1]; p = 0.11). Conclusiones. El médico debe tener en consideración la probabilidad de hipoglucemia sintomática cuando trate pacientes con DM2 que reúnan características demográficas y clínicas como las de la presente muestra.


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