2007, Número 5
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Rev Invest Clin 2007; 59 (5)
Biología molecular de la enfermedad de von Willebrand
Melo-Nava B, Peñaloza R
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 50
Paginas: 401-408
Archivo PDF: 82.54 Kb.
RESUMEN
El factor de von Willebrand (FVW) es una glicoproteína multimérica de gran tamaño, que se expresa en las células endoteliales y megacariocitos de todos los vertebrados. Participa de manera primordial en la hemostasia primaria y secundaria, ya que induce la adhesión de las plaquetas al endotelio vascular y la agregación de las mismas cuando en el organismo hay una lesión. También se une al factor VIII de la coagulación evitando su proteólisis. La deficiencia o la síntesis inadecuada del FVW provocan la enfermedad de von Willebrand (EVW), padecimiento hereditario hemorrágico más frecuente en humanos, principalmente de mucosas y sitios cutáneos. La detección exacta de la EVW es complicada debido a la interrelación del FVW con diferentes componentes biológicos que participan en la hemostasia, sin embargo ésta se realiza con diferentes pruebas del sistema de coagulación, y aquí se enfatizan los mecanismos básicos. El diagnóstico de la EVW es difícil debido a lo heterogéneo de sus manifestaciones, lo que complica su clasificación. Este artículo se enfoca a los aspectos moleculares de la enfermedad y discute sus posibles implicaciones clínicas.
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