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Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán

2007, Número 5

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Rev Invest Clin 2007; 59 (5)


Estado actual y futuro de la gammagrafía SPECT/CT con Radiofármacos de 99mTc

Ferro-Flores G, Arteaga MC

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 44
Paginas: 373-381
Archivo PDF: 92.73 Kb.


RESUMEN

Los tres pilares fundamentales de la medicina nuclear son personal altamente calificado en el manejo de la radioactividad, en los radiofármacos específicos y en el equipo detector. Los radiofármacos de tecnecio-99m proporcionan información molecular importante en todas las ramas de la medicina. Durante más de 50 años se han utilizado detectores de cristales de centelleo de yoduro de sodio activados por talio en las gammacámaras planares y en las de tomografía computarizada por emisión de fotones únicos (SPECT). Las imágenes obtenidas representan los cambios funcionales en los órganos, pero no su anatomía. Las gammacámaras se han unido a un equipo de rayos X de tomografía computarizada (CT) para formar un equipo híbrido SPECT/CT. El sistema se acopla a algoritmos y programas de computación para adquirir, procesar y fusionar las dos imágenes y así obtener una imagen en tercera dimensión que muestre la función del órgano y su situación anatómica. El objetivo de esta revisión es el de presentar el estado actual y los avances de los equipos híbridos SPECT/CT utilizados con radiofármacos de tecnecio-99m en la práctica de la medicina nuclear. Las imágenes fusionadas ofrecen información clínica de gran importancia en todas las áreas de la medicina interna y en estudios preclínicos. Las nuevas herramientas para estudiar los procesos moleculares, funcionales y genéticos permiten aumentar considerablemente la exactitud del diagnóstico clínico y conocer los mecanismos moleculares que ocasionan tanto las enfermedades como la respuesta terapéutica.


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