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2012, Número 4

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Rev Cub Med Mil 2012; 41 (4)


Sistemas de puntuación en sepsis

Lombardo VTA, Soler MC, Tamargo BTO

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 62
Paginas: 394-406
Archivo PDF: 65.98 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción: el paciente quirúrgico se enfrenta inexorablemente al reto de la infección posoperatoria. Los sistemas de puntuación en sepsis resultan herramientas de utilidad para la toma de decisiones con estos pacientes de difícil evaluación.
Objetivo: exponer algunos conceptos relacionados con la fisiopatología del paciente quirúrgico y con la sepsis posoperatoria, así como las ventajas y limitaciones de los principales sistemas de puntuación desarrollados para la valoración de este paciente en las salas de terapia intensiva.
Métodos: se realizó una revisión narrativa de los principales aspectos relacionados con la respuesta del paciente quirúrgico a la infección apoyado en una búsqueda en la base de datos Pubmed/MEDLINE y LILACS con los términos del Mesh: peritonitis, sepsis, scores entre otros, mediante búsqueda manual, se identificaron revistas médicas relevantes y artículos derivados de conferencias internacionales.
Resultados: se entregan definiciones y conceptos esenciales acerca del paciente séptico así como elementos relacionados con la fisiopatología de la sepsis del paciente quirúrgico y su respuesta inmune. Se describen los principales sistemas de puntuación en sepsis utilizados en salas de terapia intensiva, sus bondades y limitaciones.
Conclusiones: los sistemas de puntuación son herramientas de indudable valor en apoyo al método clínico, su integración a la práctica médica asistencial permite disminuir los errores y optimizar el proceso de toma de decisiones en situaciones de gran estrés organizacional, además, mejoran la calidad y la seguridad del paciente.


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