Rodríguez MV, Pizaña DA, Morales CI

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 40
Paginas: 170-175
Archivo PDF: 354.71 Kb.

RESUMEN

Introducción: Las perspectivas al final de la vida varían ampliamente, dependiendo del entorno sociocultural del paciente. En algunas regiones del mundo, el objetivo de mantener la vida a toda costa ha sido reemplazado por el deseo de evitar la prolongación de la muerte, cuando no se tiene una expectativa razonable del retorno a una calidad de vida aceptable. En México, en el campo de la medicina crítica, el enfoque paternalista en el proceso de la toma de decisiones médicas ha persistido y condiciona la adopción de medidas novedosas en la atención al final de la vida, dificultado la transición de una metodología médica curativa hacia el confort. Objetivo: Proponer la implementación de los cuidados paliativos al final de la vida de los pacientes graves en la Unidad de Medicina Crítica. Material y métodos: Estudio prospectivo, observacional, descriptivo y longitudinal. Se incluyeron 14 pacientes graves, mayores de 18 años, en quienes se implementaron cuidados al final de la vida con base en la experiencia de los médicos especialistas adscritos al servicio. Resultados: Del 1 octubre de 2011 al 30 junio de 2012 ingresaron 504 pacientes, de los cuales 34 (6.74%) fallecieron. En los 14 pacientes que fallecieron se implementaron cuidados paliativos al final de la vida. Conclusiones: La orientación paliativa en la atención de pacientes críticos debe ser adoptada como parte de los procedimientos brindados en esta área, con base en uno de los siguientes modelos: integrativo o consultor.

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