Bautista-González S

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 21
Paginas: 81-87
Archivo PDF: 510.14 Kb.

RESUMEN

La infección por el Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH) se ha convertido en un problema de salud mundial que ha tomado mayor protagonismo en el género femenino, lo cual tiene gran impacto debido al papel que la mujer representa en la sociedad. El ser portadora del virus y embarazarse representa un alto riesgo de transmitir al producto fecundado la infección, hecho que debemos evitar, por lo que es de suma importancia conocer y dominar los distintos esquemas de terapia antirretroviral existentes para ofrecer una mejor calidad de vida a mujeres y neonatos que se encuentran en esta situación. La terapia antirretroviral está recomendada en todas las mujeres embarazadas sin importar la carga de RNA viral. Las guías de manejo sugieren el uso de terapia antirretroviral en tres tiempos: durante el embarazo, durante el parto y aplicada al neonato.

REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)

1. Panel on Treatment of HIV-Infected Pregnant Women and Prevention of Perinatal Transmission. Recommendations for Use of Antiretroviral Drugs in Pregnant HIV-1-Infected Women for Maternal Health and Interventions to Reduce Perinatal HIV Transmission in the United States. May 24, 2010; pp 1-117.

2. Panel on Antiretroviral Guidelines for Adults and Adolescents. Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in HIV-1-infected adults and adolescents. Department of Health and Human Services. December 1, 2009:1-161. Disponible en: http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/contentfiles/AdultandAdolescentGL.pdf.

3. Cooper E.R., Charurat M., Mofenson L.M., et al. Combination antiretroviral strategies for the treatment of pregnant HIV-1 infected women and prevention of perinatal HIV-1 transmission. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 2002;29(5):484-494.

4. Rodríguez E.M., Mofenson L.M., Chang B.H., et al. Association of maternal drug use during pregnancy with maternal HIV culture positivity and perinatal HIV transmission. AIDS 1996;10(3):273-282.

5. Mofenson L.M., Lambert J.S., Stiehm E.R., et al. Risk factors for perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in women treated with zidovudine. Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group Study 185 Team. N Engl J Med 1999;341(6):385-393.

6. Stern J.O., Robinson P.A., Love J., et al. A comprehensive hepatic safety analysis of nevirapine in different populations of HIV infected patients. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2003;34 Suppl 1:S21-33.

7. European Colaborative Studio. Factors associated with HIV RNA levels in pregnant women or non suppressive highly active antirretroviral therapy at conception. Int Med Press 2010; 1359-2058.

8. Galli L., Puliti D., Chiappini E., et al. Is interruption of antirretroviral treatment during pregnancy an additional major risk for mother to child transmission of HIV type 1? Clin Infect Dis 2009; 48:1310-1317.

9. Weinberg A., Harwood E., McFarland E., et al. Kinetics and determining factors of the virologic response to antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy. 2009; Inf Dis Ob Gyn; 621780; 10.155/09/621780.

10. Lockman S., Hughes M.D., McIntyre J., et al. Antirretroviral therapies in women after a Single Dose Nevirapine Exposure. N Eng J Med 2010; 363:1499-509.

11. Garcia P.M., Kalish L.A., Pitt J., et al. Maternal levels of plasma human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA and the risk of perinatal transmission. N Eng J Med 1999;341(6):394-402.

12. Fox Z., Phillips A., Cohen C., et al. Viral resuppression and detection of drug resistance following interruption of a suppressive non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based regimen. AIDS 2008;22(17):2279-2289

13. Wade N.A., Birkhead G.S., Warren B.L., et al. Abbreviated regimens of zidovudine prophylaxis and perinatal transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus. N Eng J Med 1998;339(20):1409-1414.

14. Lallemant M., Jourdain G., Le Coeur S., et al. A trial of shortened zidovudine regimens to prevent mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Perinatal HIV Prevention Trial (Thailand) Investigators. N Eng J Med 2000;343(14):982-991.

15. HIV testing ad phropylaxis to prevent mother to child transmission in the United States. Pediatrics 2008; 122; 1127-1134.

16. Jackson J.B., Musoke P., Fleming T., et al. Intrapartum and neonatal singledose nevirapine compared with zidovudine for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Kampala, Uganda: 18-month follow-up of the HIVNET 012 randomised trial. Lancet 2003;362(9387):859-868.

17. Moodley D., Moodley J., Coovadia H., et al. A multicenter randomized controlled trial of nevirapine versus a combination of zidovudine and lamivudine to reduce intrapartum and early postpartum mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. J Infect Dis 2003;187(5):725-735.

18. Taha T.E., Kumwenda N.I., Gibbons A., et al. Short postexposure prophylaxis in newborn babies to reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1: NVAZ randomised clinical trial. Lancet 2003;362(9391):1171-1177.

19. Shapiro R., Hughes M., Ogwu A., et al. Antiretroviral Regimens In Pregnancy and breast feeding in Bostwana. N Eng J Med 2010;362:2282-94.

20. Chasela S., Hudgens G., Jamieson D., et al. Maternal Or Infant Antirretroviral Drugs To Reduce HIV-1 Transmission. N Eng J Med 2010; 362:2271-81.

21. Lidstrom J., Guay L., Musoke P., et al. Multi-class drug resistance arises frequently in HIV-infected breastfeeding infants whose mothers initiate HAART postpartum. Paper presented at: 17th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections; February 16-19, 2010; San Francisco, CA. Abstract 920.