2012, Número 2
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Arch Neurocien 2012; 17 (2)
Efecto del plomo sobre aprendizaje y memoria de ratas adultas, en un modelo subagudo
Nava-Ruiz C, Méndez-Armenta M, Ríos CC
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 37
Paginas: 89-95
Archivo PDF: 134.23 Kb.
RESUMEN
El plomo (Pb
2+) es un elemento sin ninguna función biológica en el organismo humano, siendo tóxico para éste
incluso en pequeñas cantidades; se han realizado esfuerzos a nivel mundial para disminuir la exposición a través de
la regulación, pero las exposiciones aún persisten, por lo que el plomo es considerado un problema de salud pública.
Este metal es reconocido en particular por sus efectos tóxicos en el sistema nervioso central (SNC), ya que en el
caso de la población adulta con exposición laboral, se observan alteraciones en la conducta como resultado de altos
niveles de plomo en la sangre. Diferentes mecanismos están involucrados en la neurotoxicidad causada por el
plomo; entre ellos la capacidad del metal para inhibir o mimetizar las acciones del calcio (Ca
2+) afectando la regulación
de las funciones celulares mediadas por calcio. En este trabajo se analizaron los efectos de la administración
subaguda del plomo sobre el aprendizaje y memoria de ratas adultas; así como, en la morfología del tejido hipocampal.
El plomo fue administrado en diferentes dosis en el agua de bebida a ratas adultas de la cepa
Wistar por 14 días,
después de los cuales se evaluó la conducta de las ratas utilizando el laberinto acuático de Morris. Los resultados
mostraron que el plomo no afecta el aprendizaje al contrario de lo observado en la evaluación de la memoria en donde
encontramos diferencias significativas en los grupos con las dosis más altas de plomo, observándose lo mismo en
el análisis histopatológico.
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