2011, Número 3
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VacciMonitor 2011; 20 (3)
Aspectos relevantes del uso de Mycobacterium´habana´ como candidato vacunal contra la tuberculosis
Valdés I, Echemendía M, Mederos L, Valdivia JA, Montoro E
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 41
Paginas: 34-39
Archivo PDF: 78.61 Kb.
RESUMEN
La eficacia protectora de la actual vacuna (BCG) contra la tuberculosis, para contrarrestar las formas pulmonares
de esta enfermedad y su reactivación, resulta variable o poco eficiente, lo cual impone la búsqueda urgente de
nuevas alternativas profilácticas contra esta enfermedad. Basados en las ventajas inmunogénicas que ofrece el
uso de vacunas vivas, se han encaminado diferentes estrategias de este tipo empleando mutantes auxotróficos
de
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, BCG recombinante o micobacterias no tuberculosas. Existen evidencias
experimentales acerca de la protección conferida tras la vacunación con cepas vivas, inactivadas o fracciones
proteicas de
Mycobacterium’habana’ TMC-5135 contra la infección por
Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Esta
respuesta protectora parece ir aparejada de escasos signos de virulencia en los modelos animales ensayados, lo
cual coloca a
M.´habana´ dentro de los posibles candidatos vacunales contra la tuberculosis al ajustarse a la
condición que impone una vacuna clásica de reproducir la infección y los eventos inmunes que le suceden lo más
fielmente posible a como ocurren de manera natural, sin causar extensos daños en el receptor
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