2001, Número 4
<< Anterior Siguiente >>
Microbiología 2001; 43 (4)
Infección por citomegalovirus en pacientes con trasplante de órgano sólido. Respuestas inmunológicas de reciente revisión y mecanismos patogénicos
Caltenco-Serrano R, Sánchez-Huerta JL, Vargas-Jiménez R, Rodríguez-Suárez RS, Gómez-Barreto D
Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 63
Paginas: 177-182
Archivo PDF: 78.43 Kb.
RESUMEN
La infección por citomegalovirus (CMV) en el huésped inmunocomprometido es una causa importante de morbilidad y mortalidad. La inmunidad protectora contra el virus es tanto humoral como celular. Los mecanismos inmunológicos que ocurren en el rechazo como en la respuesta inmune a la infección por CMV son similares y es difícil separarlos como situaciones histológicas y clínicamente independientes. Al menos ocho genes del CMV muestran homología con proteínas humanas relacionadas con la respuesta inmune. El papel potencial de estos genes que muestran homología con genes humanos, puede ser a distintos niveles. La relevancia que tienen los antígenos inmunodominantes en el control natural de la infección por CMV, sugieren que en el futuro, en el diseño de una vacuna dirigida a proteger de enfermedad, a quienes son susceptibles de infección primaria durante una etapa de inmunocompromiso, puede ser el de construir vacunas con una combinación de antígenos que incluya a los antígenos pp65, IE-exon4 y gB como proteínas recombinantes.
REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)
Sia, I.G., Patel R. 2000. New strategies for prevention and therapy of cytomegalovirus infection and disease in solid-organ transplant recipients. Clin Microbiol Rev. 13:83-121.
Wingard, J.R., 1999. Opportunistic infections after blood and marrow transplantation. Transpl Infect Dis. 1:3-20.
Pass, R.F, Whitely, R.J., Diethelm, A.G., Whelchel, J.D., Reynolds, D.W., Alford, C.A. 1979. Outcome of renal transplantation in patients with primary cytomegalovirus infection. Transplant Proc. 11:1288-90.
Von Willebrand, E., Pettersson, E., Ahonen, J., Hayry, P. 1986. CMV infection, class II antigen expression, and human kidney allograft rejection. Transplantation. 42:364-67.
Grattan, M.T., Moreno-Cabral, C.E., Starnes, V.A., Oyer, P.E., Stinson, E.B., Shumway, E.N. 1989. Cytomegalovirus infection is associated with cardiac allograft rejection and atherosclerosis. JAMA. 261:3561-66.
Stinski, M.F., 1990. Cytomegalovirus and its replication. In: Fields BN, Knipe DM, eds., Fields Virology. New York : Raven Press. 1959-80.
Bolovan-Fritts, C.A., Mocarski, E.S., Wiedeman, J.A. 1999. Peripheral blood CD14+ cells from healthy subjects carry a circular conformation of latent cytomegalovirus genome. Blood. 93:394-8.
Zaia, J.A., Forman, S.J., Ting, Y-P., Varderwal-Urbina, E., Blume, K.G. 1986. Polypeptide-specific antibody response to human cytomegalovirus after infection in bone marrow transplant recipients. J Infect Dis 153:780-7.
Frey, S.E., Harrison, C., Pass, R.F., Yang, E., Boken, D., Sekulovich, R.E., et al. 1999. Effects of antigen dose and immunization regimens on antibody responses to a cytomegalovirus glycoprotein B subunit vaccine. J infect Dis. 180:1700-3.
Paya, C.V. 1996. Defining an optimal regimen for cytomegalovirus prophylaxis in organ transplant recipients. Transplant Proc. 28 (Suppl 2):9-11.
Neiman, P., Wasserman, P.B., Wentworth, B., et al. 1973. Interstitial pneumonia and cytomegalovirus infection as complications of human marrow transplantation. Transplantation. 15:478-85.
Meyers, J.D., Leszczynski, J., Zaia, J., et al. 1983. Prevention of cytomegalovirus infection by cytomegalovirus immune globulin after marrow transplantation. Ann Intern Med. 98:442-46.
Bowden, R.A., Sayers, M., Flournoy, N., et al. 1986. Cytomegalovirus immune globulin and seronegative blood products to prevent primary cytomegalovirus infection after marrow transplantation. N Engl J Med. 314:1006-10.
Bowden, R.A., Fisher, L.K., Rogers, K., Cays, M., Meyers, J.D. 1991. Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific intravenous immunoglobulin for the prevention of primary CMV infection and disease after marrow transplant. J Infect Dis. 164:483-7.
McLaughlin-Taylor, E., Pande, H., Forman, S., et al. 1994. Identification of the major late human cytomegalovirus matrix protein pp65 as a target antigen for CD8+ virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. J Med Virol. 43:103-10.
Gilbert, M.J., Riddell, S.R., Li, C-R, Greenberg, P.D. 1993. Selective interference with class l major histocompatibility complex presentation of the major immediate-early protein following infection with human cytoegalovirus. J Virol. 67:3461-9.
Gyulai, Z., Endresz, V., Burian, K., Pincus, S., Toldy, J., Cox, W.L., et al. 2000. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses to human cytomegalovirus pp65, IE1-Exon4, gB, pp150, and pp28 in healthy individuals: Reevaluation of prevalence of IE1-specific CTLs. J Infect Dis. 181:1537-46.
Engstrand, M., Tournay, C., Peyrat, M.A., Eriksson, B.M., Wadström, J., Wirgart, B.Z., et al. 2000. Characterization of CMV pp65-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes using MHC tetramers in kidney transplant patients and healthy participants. transplantation. 69:2243-50.
Reusser, P., Attenhofer, R., Hebart, H., Helg, C., Chapuis, B., Einsele, H. 1997. Cytomegalovirus-specific T-cell immunity in recipients of autologous peripheral blood stem cell or blood marrow transplants. Blood. 89:3873.
Brugger, W., Heimfeld, S., Berenson, R.J., Mertelsmann, R., Kanz, L. 1995. Reconstitution of hematopoiesis after high dose chemotherapy by autologous progenitor cells generated ex vivo. N Engl J Med. 333:283.
Holmberg, L.A., Boeckh, M., Hooper, H., Leisenring, W., Rowley, S., Heimfeld, S., et al. 1999. Increased incidence of cytomegalovirus disease after autologous CD34-selected peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Blood. 94:4029-35.
Reusser, P., Attenhofer, R., Hebart, H., Helg, C., Chapuis, B., Einsele, H. 1997. Cytomegalovirus-specific T-cell immunity in recipients of autologous peripheral blood stem cell or bone marrow transplants. Blood 89:3873.
Klein, J., Sato, A. 2000. The HLA system. N Engl J Med. 343:702-9.
Delves, P.J., Roitt, I.M. 2000. The immune system. N Engl J Med. 343:37-49.
Suthanthiran, M., Strom, T.B. 1994. Renal transplantation. 331:365-76.
Solez, K., Racusen, L., Rayner, D., Olsen, S., Halloran, P. 1996. The Banff schema four years later. Transplant Proc. 28:450.
Robertson, H., Wheeler, J., Kirby, J.A., Morley, A.R. 1996. Renal allograft rejection: in situ demonstration of cytotoxic intratubular cells. Transplantation. 61:1546.
Robertson, H., Morley, A.R., Talbot, D., Callanan, K., Kirby, J.A. 2000. Renal allograft rejection. Transplantation. 69:684-7.
Ensley, R.D., Hammond, E.H., Renlund, D.G., Yowell, R.L., Bristow, M.R., DeWitt, C.W., et al. 1991. Clinical manifestations of vascular rejection in cardiac transplantation. Transplant Proc. 23:1130-2.
Massy, Z.A., Guijarro, C., Wiederkehr, M.R., Ma, J.Z., Kasiske, B.L. 1996. Chronic renal allograft rejection: Immunologic and nonimmunologic risk factors. Kidney Int. 49:518.
Matas, A.J., Gillingham, K.J., Payne, W.D., Najarian, J.S. 1994. The impact of an acute rejection episode on long-term renal allograft survival. Transplantation. 57:857.
Humar, A., Payne, W.D., Sutherland, D.E.R., Matas, A.J. 2000. Clinical determinants of multiple acute rejection episodes in kidney transplant recipients. Transplantation. 69:2357-60.
Williams, G.M., Hume, D.M., Hudson, R.P., Morris, P.J., Kano, K., Milgrom, F. 1968. “Hyperacute” renal-homograft rejection in man. N Engl J Med. 279:611-18.
O´Grady, J.G., Alexander, G.J.M., Sutherland, S., Donaldson, P.T., Harvey, F., Portmann, B., et al. 1988. Cytomegalovirus infection and donor/recipient HLA antigens: Interdependent co-factors in pathogenesis of vanishing bile duct syndrome after liver transplantation. Lancet. 302-5.
Pouteil-Noble, C., Ecochard, R., Landrivon, G., Donia-Maged, A., Tardy, J.C., Bosshard, S., et al. 1993. Cytomegalovirus infection-an etiological factor for rejection? A prospective study in 242 renal transplant patients. Transplantation. 55:851-7.
Hirata, M., Terasaki, P.I., Cho, W.Y. 1996. Cytomegalovirus antibody status and renal transplantation: 1987-1994. Transplantation. 62:34-7.
Reinke, P., Fietze, E., Ode-Hakim, S., Prosch, S., Lippert, J., Ewert, R., et al. 1994. Late-acute renal allograft rejection and symptomless cytomegalovirus infection. Lancet. 341:1737-8.
Kidd, I.M., Clark, D.A., Sabin, C.A., Andrew, D., Hassan-Walker, A.F., Sweny, P., et al. 2000. Prospective study of human beta herpesvirus after renal transplantation. Association of human herpesvirus 7 and cytomegalovirus co-infection with cytomegalovirus disease and increased rejection. Transplantation. 69:2400-4.
Jamil, B., Nicholls, K.M., Becker, G.J., Walker, R.G. 2000. Influence of anti-rejection therapy on the timing of cytomegalovirus disease and other infections in renal transplant recipients. Clin Transplant. 14:14-18.
Cantarovich, D., Giral-Classe, M., Hourmant, M., Dantal, J., Blancho, G., Karam, G., et al. 2000. Low incidence of kidney rejection after simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplantation after antithymocyte globulin induction and in the abscence of corticosteroids: results of a prospective pilot study in 28 consecutive cases. Transplantation. 69:1505-8.
Farges, O., Saliba, F., Farhamant, H., Samuel, D., Bismuth, A., Reynes, M., et al. 1996. Incidence of rejection and infection after liver transplantation as a function of the primary disease: Possible influence of alcohol and polyclonal immunoglobulins. Hepatology. 23:240-8.
Knight, D.A., Waldman, W.J., Sedmak, D.D. 1999. Cytomegalovirus-mediated modulation of adhesion molecule expression by human arterial and microvascular endothelial cells. Transplantation. 68:1814-18.
Couchoud, C., Cucherat, M., Haugh, M., Pouteil-Noble, C. 1998. Cytomegalovirus prophylaxis with antiviral agents in solid organ transplantation. A meta-analysis. Transplantation. 65:641-7.
Donaldson, P.T., O´Grady, J., Portmann, B., et al. 1987. Evidence for an immune response to class l antigens in the vanishing bile duct syndrome after liver transplantation. Lancet. 1:945-8.
45. Arnold, J.C., Portmann, B.C., O´Grady, J.G., et al. 1992. Cytomegalovirus infection persists in the liver graft in the vanishing bile duct syndrome. Hepatology. 16:285-9.
Humar, A., Gillingham, K.J., Payne, W.D., Dunn, D.L., Sutherland DER, Matas AJ. 1999. Association between cytomegalovirus disease and chronic rejection in kidney transplant recipients. Transplantation 68:1879-83.
Matas, A.J. 1998. Risk factors for chronic rejection: a clinical perspective. Transplant Immunol. 6:1-7.
Almond, P.S., Matas, A., Gillingham, K., et al. 1993. Risk factors for chronic rejection in renal allograft recipients. Transplantation. 55:752-8.
Toyoda, M., Galfayan, K., Galera, O.A., Petrosian, A., Czer, L.S.C., Jordan, S.C. 1997. Cytomegalovirus infection induces anti-endothelial cell antibodies in cardiac and renal allograft recipients. Transplant Immunol 5:104-6.
Toyoda, M., Petrosian, A., Jordan, S.C. 1999. Immunological characterization of anti-endothelial cell antibodies induced by cytomegalovirus infection. Transplantation. 68:1311-18.
van den Berg, A.P., Kimpmaker, I.J., Haagsma, E.B., Scholten-Sampson, A., Bijleveld, C.M.A, Schirm, J., et al. 1991. Antigenemia in the diagnosis and monitoring of active cytomegalovirus infection after liver transplantation. J Infect Dis. 164:265-70.
The, T.H., van der Ploegh, M., van den Berg, A.P., Vlieger, A.M., van der Giessen, M., van Son, W.J. 1992. Direct detection of cytomegalovirus in peripheral blood leukocytes- A review of the antigenemia assay and polymerase chain reaction. Transplantation. 54:193-8.
Boeckh, M., Boivin, G. 1998. Quantitation of cytomegalovirus: Methodologic aspects and clinical applications. Clin Microbiol Rev. 11:533-54.
Kas-Deelen, A.M., de Mar, E.F., Harmsen, M.C., Driessen, C., van Son, W.J., The, T.H. 2000. Uninfected and cytomegalic endothelial cells in blood during cytomegalovirus infection: Effect of acute rejection. J Infect Dis. 181:721-4.
Farrell, H., Degli-Esposti, M., Densley, E., Cretney, E., Smyth, M., Davis-Poynter, N. 2000. Cytomegalovirus MHC class l homologues and natural killer cells: an overview. Review. Microb Infect. 2:521-32.
Vink, C., Beisser, P.S., Bruggeman, C.A. 1999. Molecular mimicry by cytomegaloviruses. Intervirology. 42:342-9.
Miller, D.M., Zhang, Y., Rahill, B.M., Kazor, K., Rofagha, S., Eckel, J.J., Sedmak, D.D. Human cytomegalovirus blocks interferon-g stimulated up-regulation of major histocompatibility complex class l expression and the class l antigen processing machinery. Transplantation 2000;69:687-90.
Miller, D.M., Rahill, B.M., Boss, J.M., et al. 1998. Human cytomegalovirus inhibits major histocompatibility complex class II expression by disruption of the Jak/Stat pathway. J Exp Med. 187:675.
Kootstra, G., Hammerling, G.J., Momburg, F. 1997. Generation, intracelular transport and loading of peptides associated with MHC class l molecules. Curr Opin Immunol. 9:80.
Martin, B., Chin, K., Olsen, J., et al. 1997. Induction of MHC class l by the MHC class ll transactivator CIITA. Immunity. 6:591.
Ploegh, J.M. 1998. Viral strategies of immune evasion. Science. 280:248.
Singhal, S., Shaw, J.C., Ainsworth, J., Hathaway, M., Gillespie, G.M.A, Paris H, et al. 2000. Direct visualization and quantitation of cytomegalovirus-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocytes in liver transplant patients. Transplantation. 69:2251-9.
Engstrand, M., Tournay, C., Peyrat, M.A., Eriksson, B.M., Wadström, J., Zweygberg, B., et al. 2000. Characterization of CMVpp65-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes using MHC tetramers in kidney transplant patients and healthy participants. Transplantation. 69:2243-50.