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Revista Latinoamericana de Microbiología

2001, Número 2

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Microbiología 2001; 43 (2)


Epidemiología molecular de cepas de Klebsiella pneumoniae productoras de Β-lactamasas de espectro extendido aisladas de pacientes neonatos en una unidad de cuidados intensivos involucrados en casos

Martins-Loureiro M, Aguiar MB, Lorenzato-Furtado MV, Rocha-Quadra MR, Santos-Pinheiro G, Dutra-Asensi M

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 40
Paginas: 88-95
Archivo PDF: 144.89 Kb.


RESUMEN

Durante dos años, en este estudio se analizaron datos demográficos y bacteriológicos de 42 neonatos afectados por sepsis causada por cepas de K. pneumoniae con un espectro extendido de Β-lactamasa hospitalizados en una unidad de tratamiento intensivo neonatal de una maternidad pública de Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. La edad media de los neonatos fue 10.4 días, con una prevalencia de infección mayor en el sexo masculino (55.0%) que en el femenino (45.0%), y una mayor frecuencia en neonatos de partos normales (65.0%) que por cesárea (35.0%). 31 (77.5%) pacientes recibieron antimicrobianos antes de presentar hemocultivos positivos, con un promedio de uso de 3.0 antimicrobianos por paciente durante 7.9 días de uso. Las condiciones de riesgo perinatales más importantes fueron: parto prematuro (87.5%), peso muy bajo al nacer (55.0%) y asfixia (40.0%). Entre las cepas aisladas, se detectaron elevados porcentajes de resistencia a ß-lactámicos, aminoglucósidos, cloranfenicol y trimetroprim-sulfametoxazol. 6 distintas clonas fueron detectadas en un grupo de 42 cepas relacionadas epidemiológicamente a través del perfil de la PFGE. Las cepas aisladas presentaron 9 diferentes perfiles de resistencia a los antimicrobianos (PRAs), donde las clonas más frecuentes (A, B y D) se distribuyeron en 5, 3 y 5 PRAs, respectivamente. Con base en los perfiles de PFGE y los periodos de aislamiento, los clones A más A1, B y D causaron aparentemente 3 brotes distintos durante el periodo de estudio.


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