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Colegio de Medicina Interna de México.

2011, Número 3

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Med Int Mex 2011; 27 (3)


Revisión actual de los conocimientos sobre la absorción intestinal de carbohidratos y su relación con la prevención del riesgo cardiovascular

García-Alcalá H, Meaney-Mendiolea E, Vargas-Ayala G, Escalante PM, Aldrete-Velasco J

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 66
Paginas: 270-280
Archivo PDF: 375.47 Kb.


RESUMEN

La diabetes mellitus es un padecimiento crónico que se caracteriza, entre otras alteraciones cardiometabólicas, por hiperglucemia y complicaciones micro y macrovasculares a largo plazo. El tratamiento de la diabetes mellitus debe reducir las cifras de la glucemia en ayuno y posprandial a valores casi normales, a fin de disminuir la frecuencia y la progresión de las complicaciones micro y macrovasculares. En este artículo se revisan los mecanismos de absorción intestinal de los carbohidratos y se discute el papel de diversos fármacos hipoglucemiantes y antidiabéticos en el tratamiento de la hiperglucemia, principalmente el de la acarbosa, un inhibidor de las a glucosidasas que ha demostrado revertir la intolerancia a la glucosa y retrasar la diabetes, al reducir significativamente la hiperglucemia posprandial y la resistencia a la insulina, independientemente de la edad y género del paciente. Se concluye que este fármaco debe considerarse entre los de primera elección en el tratamiento de la intolerancia a la glucosa y la prevención de la diabetes mellitus, a la vez que uno de los fármacos administrados en monoterapia o en combinación con otros agentes antidiabéticos para el tratamiento de la enfermedad establecida.


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