Caro-López AM, Barrera-de León JC, Domínguez-Sánchez H, Alejandrina-Castillo SR, Higareda-Almaraz MA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 25
Paginas: 376-382
Archivo PDF: 85.85 Kb.

RESUMEN

Objetivo: Evaluar los factores de riesgo para hemorragia intraventricular (IVH) en prematuros menores de 33 semanas de edad gestacional (Recién nacido pretérmino [RNP]). Métodos: Estudio de casos y controles. Se incluyeron RNP de un centro de tercer nivel, los cuales fueron clasificados según el resultado del ecosonograma transfontanelar (ET): caso, presencia de IVH; control, ausencia de IVH. Se investigaron antecedentes prenatales, perinatales y posnatales. Se utilizó regresión logística para ajustar las variables asociadas con IVH y se calculó razón de momios (RM) con sus intervalos de confianza (IC) de 95%. Resultados: Se analizaron 64 expedientes clínicos de RNP, de los cuales 32 fueron casos. Los factores asociados con mayor riesgo para IVH fueron: sepsis (RM: 18.45; IC 95%: 4.01-32.82; p = 0.01), síndrome de dificultad respiratoria (RM: 2.24; IC 95%: 1.07-4.95; p = 0.04), uso de ventilación mecánica (RM: 3.60; IC 95%: 1.46-8.91; p = 0.01) y surfactante exógeno (RM: 2.32; IC 95%: 1.05-5.14; p = 0.03). Conclusiones: Los factores posnatales están asociados con mayor riesgo para IVH en RNP. Es importante tomar ET en diferentes tiempos para conocer con precisión los factores de riesgo para esta enfermedad y tratar de evitarlos.

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