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2011, Número 2

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Enf Infec Microbiol 2011; 31 (2)


Bacteriología en casos de niños con otitis media con efusión

Jerves UME, Boronat EN, Aguirre MH, Solorzano SF, Sevilla DY

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 68
Paginas: 52-59
Archivo PDF: 221.65 Kb.


RESUMEN

La otitis media con efusión (OME) es la inflamación del oído medio con líquido colectado en este espacio, sin signos, síntomas de infección aguda, ni perforación timpánica.
objetivos. Determinar el porcentaje, el tipo de bacterias y los patrones de sensibilidad antibiótica de los microorganismos aislados de la efusión de pacientes con OME.
material y métodos. Se tomó muestra del líquido de la efusión en pacientes pediátricos con diagnóstico de otitis media serosa, candidatos a colocación de tubos de ventilación bajo medidas asépticas. Se envió a cultivo, se analizaron los resultados.
resultados. Se incluyeron 25 pacientes y se excluyeron 3 por ingesta de antibióticos, quedando 22 pacientes, de los cuales 63.6% hombres y 36.3% mujeres. El promedio de edad fue de 5.6 años. El tiempo de evolución de la OME en promedio fue 12.9 meses, con un rango de 3 a 36 meses. Veinte pacientes (90.9%) tuvieron comorbilidades asociadas. Todos los pacientes refirieron tener esquema completo de vacunación contra Streptococco pneumoniae y Haemophilus influenzae. En los 22 pacientes se colocó un total de 36 tubos de ventilación, en los que se obtuvieron 12 cultivos positivos (33.3%) en total. Se recuperó Klebsiella pneumoniae (sensibilidad intermedia a la ampicilina y sensible al resto de antibióticos), Staphylococcus epidermidis, Micrococcus sp, Staphylococcus auricularis.
conclusiones. Los gérmenes aislados pueden corresponder a contaminaciones durante la toma de la muestra. Kleibsiella neumoniae es una bacteria poco relacionada con esta patología. Los antecedentes de vacunación podrían influir en los cambios de la bacteriología.


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