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Medicina & Laboratorio

2008, Número 03-04

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Medicina & Laboratorio 2008; 14 (03-04)


La bioquímica del antígeno específico de próstata (AEP) y sus fracciones

Uribe AJF

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 62
Paginas: 153-166
Archivo PDF: 2237.19 Kb.


RESUMEN

El antígeno específico de próstata (AEP) es una kalicreína que está entre los varios tipos de sustancias que secreta la próstata en su función como glándula accesoria de la reproducción. En el semen actúa como una proteasa con preferencia desnaturalizante sobre las semenogelinas, las proteínas procoagulantes del semen producidas en la vesícula seminal, pero que como cualquier proteasa tiene un potencial adicional para metabolizar cualquier proteína. Es por esa acción destructora que la naturaleza toma todas las precauciones para que el AEP proteasa tenga un período de actividad efímero y una serie de fracciones clivadas o desactivadas que explican en su conjunto los porcentajes en plasma del antígeno total y libre en el paciente normal y con patologías. El AEP puede dividirse de una manera simple en dos tipos básicos: activo e inactivo, o bien libre y complejo. Hacia el futuro puede esperarse que el uso del AEP como marcador de cáncer pueda refinarse en sensibilidad y especificidad con el uso de fracciones que se relacionen matemáticamente y además con el uso de otros tipos de antígenos como el antígeno de membrana específico de próstata (PSMA, prostate specific membrane antigen) y el antígeno de células madre de próstata (PSCA, prostate stem cell antigen).


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