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Boletín Médico del Hospital Infantil de México

2010, Número 6

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Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex 2010; 67 (6)


Resultados de tratamiento para cáncer infantil en una población de recursos limitados en Bogotá, Colombia

Buendía-Hernández A, Loboguerrero-Compagnoli J, Lozano-León JM

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 47
Paginas: 518-535
Archivo PDF: 414.33 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción. A pesar de los notables progresos en cáncer infantil, más del 60% de los niños afectados en el mundo tienen escaso acceso a tratamientos eficaces. El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar los resultados de tratamiento en una situación de recursos limitados.
Métodos. Fue un estudio descriptivo-histórico con componente analítico en 242 menores de 16 años atendidos entre 1990 y 2007 en la Clínica Infantil Colsubsidio de Bogotá, Colombia. Durante tres periodos se introdujeron protocolos internacionales, atención en “hospital de día” para tratamientos de quimioterapia y soporte ambulatorio, con enfermeras entrenadas en oncología, una pediatra oncóloga y un hematólogo con dedicación de 8 horas, el apoyo en hospitalización de médicos pediatras 24 horas y la agilización de trámites administrativos. Se compararon la supervivencia y las fallas de tratamiento.
Resultados. Se observó aumento (40.5 a 63%) en la supervivencia (P =0.021) y disminución (22.4 a 8.9%) en la remisión a otros centros (P =0.025); tendencia a la reducción en mortalidad por complicaciones agudas (16.3 a 9.9%) y en frecuencia de rechazo o abandono del tratamiento (5.2 a 3%). La supervivencia libre de eventos para leucemia linfoblástica fue de 65% a 10 años.
Conclusiones. El programa mostró resultados alentadores en un contexto de recursos limitados.


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