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Boletín Médico del Hospital Infantil de México

2010, Número 5

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Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex 2010; 67 (5)


Aproximación práctica al diagnóstico de la alergia alimentaria

Góngora-Meléndez MA, Sienra-Monge JJL, Del Río-Navarro BE, Ávila CL

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 45
Paginas: 390-398
Archivo PDF: 297.58 Kb.


RESUMEN

La alergia alimentaria representa la primera expresión clínica de atopia durante la vida, ya sea con manifestaciones gastrointestinales o cutáneas, seguidas de asma y rinitis. A este continuo desarrollo de enfermedades se ha denominado “marcha atópica”. Es un problema importante de salud, no sólo para los pacientes sino también incluye al grupo familiar y social.
Se define como una respuesta inmunológica anormal ante la ingesta de proteínas alimenticias que ocasionan una reacción clínica adversa. La mayoría de las personas desarrolla tolerancia a los antígenos alimentarios, los cuales constantemente acceden al organismo. Sin embargo, cuando la tolerancia falla, el sistema inmune responde con reacciones de hipersensibilidad.
El diagnóstico de la alergia alimentaria todavía es un ejercicio clínico que depende de una historia cuidadosa, de la determinación específica de IgE, pruebas de parche, una apropiada dieta de exclusión y la realización de reto cegado.


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