Maldonado VJA, Ocampo AMA, Cortés GNL, Acosta AJC, Chávez Carbajal JF, Álvarez AC, Ortiz González MJ

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 25
Paginas: 191-196
Archivo PDF: 274.60 Kb.

RESUMEN

Antecedentes: la obesidad, la resistencia a la insulina y la dislipidemia aterogénica representan los principales problemas de salud, asociados con eventos cardiovasculares adversos.
Objetivo: determinar el índice de resistencia a la insulina en mujeres obesas premenopáusicas con dislipidemia aterogénica y no aterogénica.
Material y método: estudio observacional, descriptivo, prospectivo y transversal realizado en 125 mujeres obesas premenopáusicas. Se registró: edad, tensión arterial, índice de masa corporal, circunferencia abdominal, porcentaje de grasa corporal, glucosa e insulina basal, prueba de tolerancia a la glucosa oral, perfil de lípidos y el modelo homeostático de resistencia a la insulina (HOMA-IR). Análisis estadístico: prueba de la t de Student no pareada, media ± EEM y el nivel de significación fue aceptado como p ‹ 0.05.
Resultados: el grupo con dislipidemia no aterogénica tuvo menor IMC (p ‹ 0.05) y circunferencia abdominal (p ‹ 0.05) que el grupo control normolipidémico. El grupo con dislipidemia aterogénica tiene tensión arterial sistólica más alta (p ‹ 0.05), mayores concentraciones de glucosa basal (p ‹ 0.05), glucosa dos horas postcarga (p ‹ 0.05) y un índice HOMA-IR más alto (3.6 ± 0.4 vs. 2.5 ± 0.6) que el grupo control normolipidémico.
Conclusiones: el IMC y la circunferencia abdominal no mostraron relación con el perfil metabólico entre los grupos estudiados. La obesidad y la resistencia a la insulina están asociadas con mayor riesgo de hipertensión arterial y diabetes tipo 2 en el grupo con dislipidemia aterogénica. El grupo con dislipidemia no aterogénica expresa menor riesgo, a pesar de tener obesidad.

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