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Archivos de Medicina de Urgencia de México

2010, Número 1

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Arch Med Urg Mex 2010; 2 (1)


Neumonía adquirida en la comunidad

Ballesteros-Flores CG, De Jesús-Montelongo F, Espinosa-Sierra T, López Ramírez I, Sánchez AHE

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 54
Paginas: 35-39
Archivo PDF: 88.30 Kb.


RESUMEN

Propósito: Análisis bibliográfico sobre los principales aspectos de la neumonía adquirida en la comunidad. Obtención de datos: Revisión de la literatura médica en idioma inglés del 2008 al 2009. Selección de artículos: Se seleccionaron los artículos más relevantes de neumonía adquirida en la comunidad. Extracción de datos: Se revisó la literatura médica internacional durante el periodo 2008 al 2009 de los estudios de investigación sobre neumonía adquirida en la comunidad. Resultados: La neumonía adquirida en la comunidad es una causa frecuente de ingreso hospitalario. La etiología es múltiple, siendo Streptococcus pneumoniae el microorganismo encontrado con mayor frecuencia. La alteración en las defensas normales del huésped, la mayor colonización de microorganismos nasofaríngeos y disminución de la eliminación es la patogénesis más frecuente. Los síntomas respiratorios más frecuentes incluyen: tos, estertores, disnea, producción de esputo, dolor pleurítico y hemoptisis. El diagnóstico se basa en datos clínicos y estudios de gabinete. La introducción de antibióticos reduce dramáticamente los índices de mortalidad. Conclusión: La neumonía adquirida en la comunidad es causa frecuente de ingreso hospitalario. La etiología bacteriana es la causa más frecuente. Los síntomas respiratorios son los más importantes. El tratamiento adecuado y oportuno mejora el pronóstico y la mortalidad.


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