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Coordinación General de Investigación de la Facultad de Salud Pública y Nutrición y la Dirección General de Sistemas e Informática de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León

2001, Número 4

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Rev Salud Publica Nutr 2001; 2 (4)


Resistencia a insecticidas en insectos vectores de enfermedades con énfasis en mosquitos

Flores AE, Badii MH, Ponce GG

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 47
Paginas:
Archivo PDF: 90.52 Kb.


FRAGMENTO

Los insecticidas juegan un papel central en el control de vectores de enfermedades tales como mosquitos, moscas, pulgas, piojos, chinches, etc. En 1955 la OMS propuso la erradicación global de una de las enfermedades más prevalecientes transmitidas por vectores, la malaria, con el uso de rociados residuales intradomiciliares de DDT. Sin embargo la euforia por los insecticidas terminó pronto y en 1976 la OMS revirtió su concepto de erradicación a control de la malaria. Los cambios en la política se debieron a la aparición de la resistencia al DDT en un gran número de mosquitos vectores. En 1975 la OMS reportó que una población de 256 millones de personas vivían en áreas donde la resistencia a DDT y/o los BHC (Bifenil Poli Clorinados) mermaron los esfuerzos para el control de la malaria. (Esto no incluyó a la región de Africa, en donde ocurren el 90% de los casos de Malaria y donde ya se había registrado resistencia de Anopheles gambiae al DDT, el principal vector de malaria.)


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