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ISSN 2007-2783 (Impreso)
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2009, Número 3

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Residente 2009; 4 (3)


Señalización por insulina en el cerebro y su participación en la enfermedad de Alzheimer

Heras-Sandoval D, Arias c

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 46
Paginas: 117-125
Archivo PDF: 454.98 Kb.


RESUMEN

La señalización por insulina en el sistema nervioso central ha cobrado mucho interés por su participación en procesos cognoscitivos como memoria y aprendizaje y por su posible relación con padecimientos neurodegenerativos como la enfermedad de Alzheimer. En tejidos periféricos, la insulina regula principalmente el metabolismo energético y el crecimiento celular. El receptor de insulina y varios componentes de su vía de señalización se encuentran abundantemente distribuidos en el cerebro de mamíferos y su activación modula el crecimiento neuronal y la plasticidad sináptica. Se ha sugerido que algunas alteraciones en la señalización por insulina parecen ser responsables de deficiencias cognoscitivas y juegan un papel importante en el desarrollo de la enfermedad de Alzheimer. De hecho, la diabetes de tipo II es un factor de riesgo para padecer este tipo de demencia. Recientemente se ha observado que la proteína b-amiloide, que se sobreproduce en la enfermedad de Alzheimer, causa alteraciones en la vía de señalización de la insulina, lo que apoya la existencia de relaciones causales interesantes entre este padecimiento y la insulina.


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