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2009, Número 1

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Rev Mex Med Transfus 2009; 2 (1)


Sistema Rh como marcador evolutivo

Baptista GHA, Rosenfeld MF, Trueba GR

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 41
Paginas: 11-19
Archivo PDF: 145.68 Kb.


RESUMEN

Las proteínas del Rh en el humano constituyen el sistema eritrocitario más polimórfico que existe. Consta aproximadamente de 48 antígenos y el antígeno Rh D presenta más de 30 epítopes distintos. Se conocen por lo menos 100 haplotipos, pero hay muchísimos más fenotipos similares coexistiendo con diferentes alelos. En su propuesta filogenética, el gen RHD presenta cuatro principales racimos: euroasiático RHD, racimo DAU, racimo de la variante D, débil tipo 4, y racimo DIVa (Cuadro I). En esta revisión se describen, brevemente, los aspectos filogenéticos más relevantes reportados a la fecha en términos del acompañamiento entre la evolución de la vida, los genes y proteínas del Rh.


REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)

  1. Van Kim CL, Colin Y, Cartron JP. Rh proteins: key structural and functional components of the red cell membrane. Blood Rev 2006; 20: 93-110.

  2. Kitano T, Umetsu K, Tian W, Yamazaki K, Saitou N. Tempo and mode of evolution of the Rh blood group genes before and after gene duplication. Immunogenetics 2007; 59: 427-431.

  3. Matassi G, Chérif-Zahar B, Pesole G, Raynal V, Cartron JP. The members of the RH gene family (RH50 and RH30) followed different evolutionary pathways. J Mol Evol 1999; 48: 151-159.

  4. Peng J, Huang CH. Rh proteins vs Amt proteins: an organismal and phylogenetic perspective on CO2 and NH3 gas channels. Transfus Clin Biol 2006; 13: 85-94.

  5. Apoil PA, Blancher A. Rh gene evolution in primates: study of intron sequences. Mol Biol Evol 2000; 17: 127-136.

  6. Blancher A, Apoil PA. Evolution of RH genes in hominoids: characterization of a gorilla RHCE-like gene. J Heredity 2000; 91: 205-210.

  7. Mellars P. Why did modern human populations disperse from Africa ca. 60,000 years ago? A new model. PNAS 2006; 103: 9381-9386.

  8. González-José R, Neves W, Lahr MM, González S, Pucciarelli H, Hernández Martínez M, Correal G. Late Pleistocene/Holocene craniofacial morphology in Mesoamerican Paleoin

  9. dians: implications for the peopling of the New World. Am J Phys Anthropol 2005; 128: 772-780.

  10. Lie BA, Dupuy BM, Spurkland A, Fernández-Viña MA, Hagelberg E, Thorsby E. Molecular genetic studies of natives on Easter Island: evidence of an early European and Amerindian contribution to the Polynesian gene pool. Tissue Antigens 2007; 69: 10-18.

  11. González-José R, Martínez-Abadías N, González-Martín A, Bautista-Martínez J, Gómez-Valdés J, Quinto M, Hernández M. Detection of a population replacement at the Classic-Postclassic transition in Mexico. Proc Biol Sci 2007; 274: 681-688.

  12. Martínez-Abadías N, González-José R, González-Martín A, Van der Molen S, Talavera A, Hernández P, Hernández M. Phenotypic evolution of human craniofacial morphology after admixture: a geometric morphometrics approach. Am J Phys Anthropol 2006; 129: 387-398.

  13. Gorodezky C. Genetic difference between Europeans and Indians: tissue and blood types. Allergy Proc 1992; 13: 243-250.

  14. Lisker R. Estructura genética de la población mexicana. Aspectos médicos y antropológicos, Ed. Salvat, 1981: 1-8, 49-66.

  15. Cerda-Flores RM, Villalobos-Torres MC, Barrera-Saldaña HA, Cortés-Prieto LM, Barajas LO, Rivas F, Carracedo A, Zhong Y, Barton SA, Chakraborty R. Genetic admixture in three Mexican Mestizo populations based on D1S80 and HLA-DQA1 loci. Am J Hum Biol 2002; 14: 257-263.

  16. Lisker R, Pérez BP, Granados J, Babinsky V, de Rubens J, Arrendares S et al. Gene frequencies and admixture in a four Mexican urban centers. Hum Biol 1990; 62: 791-801.

  17. Lisker R, Pérez BP, Granados J, Babinsky V, de Rubens J, Arrendares S et al. Gene frequencies and admixture in a México City population. Am J Phys Anthropol 1986; 71: 203-207.

  18. González-José R, Martínez-Abadías N, González-Martín A, Bautista-Martínez J, Gómez-Valdés J, Quinto M, Hernández M. Detection of a population replacement at the Classic-Postclassic transition in Mexico. Proc Biol Sci 2007; 274: 681-688.

  19. Grumbaum BW, Selvin S, Myhre BA, Pace N. Distribution of gene frequencies and discrimination probabilities for 22 human blood genetic systems in four racial groups. J Forensic Sci 1980; 25: 428-444.

  20. Tiburcio V, Romero A, De Garay AL. Gene frequencies and racial intermixture in a mestizo population from Mexico City. Ann Human Biol 1978; 5: 131-138.

  21. Long JC, Williams RC, McAuley JF, Medis R, Partel R et al. Genetic variations in Arizona Mexican Americans: estimation and interpretation of admixture proportions. Am J Phy Anthropol 1991; 84: 141-157.

  22. Van Kim CL, Colin Y, Cartron JP. Rh proteins: key structural and functional components of the red cell membrane. Blood Rev 2006; 20: 93-110.

  23. Kitano T, Umetsu K, Tian W, Yamazaki K, Saitou N. Tempo and mode of evolution of the Rh blood group genes before and after gene duplication. Immunogenetics 2007; 59: 427-431.

  24. Matassi G, Chérif-Zahar B, Pesole G, Raynal V, Cartron JP. The members of the RH gene family (RH50 and RH30) followed different evolutionary pathways. J Mol Evol 1999; 48: 151-159.

  25. Peng J, Huang CH. Rh proteins vs Amt proteins: an organismal and phylogenetic perspective on CO2 and NH3 gas channels. Transfus Clin Biol 2006; 13: 85-94.

  26. Apoil PA, Blancher A. Rh gene evolution in primates: study of intron sequences. Mol Biol Evol 2000; 17: 127-136.

  27. Blancher A, Apoil PA. Evolution of RH genes in hominoids: characterization of a gorilla RHCE-like gene. J Heredity 2000; 91: 205-210.

  28. Mellars P. Why did modern human populations disperse from Africa ca. 60,000 years ago? A new model. PNAS 2006; 103: 9381-9386.

  29. González-José R, Neves W, Lahr MM, González S, Pucciarelli H, Hernández Martínez M, Correal G. Late Pleistocene/Holocene craniofacial morphology in Mesoamerican Paleoindians: implications for the peopling of the New World. Am J Phys Anthropol 2005; 128: 772-780.

  30. Lie BA, Dupuy BM, Spurkland A, Fernández-Viña MA, Hagelberg E, Thorsby E. Molecular genetic studies of natives on Easter Island: evidence of an early European and Amerindian contribution to the Polynesian gene pool. Tissue Antigens 2007; 69: 10-18.

  31. González-José R, Martínez-Abadías N, González-Martín A, Bautista-Martínez J, Gómez-Valdés J, Quinto M, Hernández M. Detection of a population replacement at the Classic-Postclassic transition in Mexico. Proc Biol Sci 2007; 274: 681-688.

  32. Martínez-Abadías N, González-José R, González-Martín A, Van der Molen S, Talavera A, Hernández P, Hernández M. Phenotypic evolution of human craniofacial morphology after admixture: a geometric morphometrics approach. Am J Phys Anthropol 2006; 129: 387-398.

  33. Gorodezky C. Genetic difference between Europeans and Indians: tissue and blood types. Allergy Proc 1992; 13: 243-250.

  34. Lisker R. Estructura genética de la población mexicana. Aspectos médicos y antropológicos, Ed. Salvat, 1981: 1-8, 49-66.

  35. Cerda-Flores RM, Villalobos-Torres MC, Barrera-Saldaña HA, Cortés-Prieto LM, Barajas LO, Rivas F, Carracedo A, Zhong Y, Barton SA, Chakraborty R. Genetic admixture in three Mexican Mestizo populations based on D1S80 and HLA-DQA1 loci. Am J Hum Biol 2002; 14: 257-263.

  36. Lisker R, Pérez BP, Granados J, Babinsky V, de Rubens J, Arrendares S et al. Gene frequencies and admixture in a four Mexican urban centers. Hum Biol 1990; 62: 791-801.

  37. Lisker R, Pérez BP, Granados J, Babinsky V, de Rubens J, Arrendares S et al. Gene frequencies and admixture in a México City population. Am J Phys Anthropol 1986; 71: 203-207.

  38. González-José R, Martínez-Abadías N, González-Martín A, Bautista-Martínez J, Gómez-Valdés J, Quinto M, Hernández M. Detection of a population replacement at the Classic-Postclassic transition in Mexico. Proc Biol Sci 2007; 274: 681-688.

  39. Grumbaum BW, Selvin S, Myhre BA, Pace N. Distribution of gene frequencies and discrimination probabilities for 22 human blood genetic systems in four racial groups. J Forensic Sci 1980; 25: 428-444.

  40. Tiburcio V, Romero A, De Garay AL. Gene frequencies and racial intermixture in a mestizo population from Mexico City. Ann Human Biol 1978; 5: 131-138.

  41. Long JC, Williams RC, McAuley JF, Medis R, Partel R et al. Genetic variations in Arizona Mexican Americans: estimation and interpretation of admixture proportions. Am J Phy Anthropol 1991; 84: 141-157.




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